Peru's Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la República) is bicameral, with a Senate (Senado) and a Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados)

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Peru's Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la República) is bicameral, with a Senate (Senado) and a Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados)

Background

The legislative power in Peru, called the Poder Legislativo, rests with the Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la República). The Congress's own rules describe the Senate (Senado) as one of the two chambers that make up the bicameral structure (estructura bicameral) of the Congress of the Republic; the other chamber is the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados). The Senate is made up of a minimum of sixty senators (sesenta senadores), and its members are elected for a term of five years (cinco años). Members of this chamber are called senators and may officially use the title Senador de la República. Its organisation and working are governed by the Political Constitution of Peru (Constitución Política del Perú), the Rules of the Congress of the Republic (Reglamento del Congreso de la República) and the chamber's own rules. Among the Senate's special functions are the ratification of the president of the Banco Central de Reserva and of the superintendente de banca, seguros y AFP, and the removal of senior officers of the state in the cases laid down by the Constitution.

Structure of the Congress: estructura bicameral Upper chamber: Senado Other chamber: Cámara de Diputados Minimum strength of the Senate: sesenta senadores Term of senators: cinco años

Why it matters for exams: Whether a country's legislature has one chamber or two is a standard comparative-polity question, and Peru is now a two-chamber case with a named upper house, its own minimum strength and its own term.

Kerala PSCUPSC

5 October 2026 Source: Congress of the Republic of Peru

In plain words

Poder Legislativo Legislative Power — The branch of the Peruvian state in which law-making power resides.

bicameral two-chamber legislature — A legislature made up of two separate chambers that both take part in law-making.

Cámara de Diputados Chamber of Deputies — The other of the two chambers of Peru's Congress of the Republic.

Banco Central de Reserva Central Reserve Bank of Peru — Peru's central bank, whose president the Senate ratifies.