30 September 2026
A bench of Justice Ujjal Bhuyan and Justice Atul S. Chandurkar passed an order in Kanha @ Kanhaiya Singh v. State of Madhya Pradesh on 23 September 2026; the ruling was reported on 30 September 2026.
The Supreme Court set aside the Madhya Pradesh High Court's refusal of bail and granted bail.
It noted that the appellant had been in custody for over one year with the trial still pending.
The bench said courts should refrain from imposing the personal views or value judgment of the presiding judge on morality while deciding a bail matter or a criminal trial.
It did not accept the High Court's reasoning that denying bail protected social order and the moral standing of the victim's family.
Case:
Kanha @ Kanhaiya Singh v. State of Madhya Pradesh
Bench:
Justices Ujjal Bhuyan and Atul S. Chandurkar
Custody:
Over one year
Why it matters for exams: Judicial approach to bail and the limits of a judge's discretion are recurring polity and law topics.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Bail Release of an accused pending trial — Courts decide it on law and facts of the case.
1 October 2026
The HSBC India Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index rose to 55.1 in September 2026 from 52.8 in August.
Stronger domestic and overseas demand lifted new orders and output.
Electronic, food, pharmaceutical and textile products drove the sharper rise in new business.
Employment growth was the fastest since May.
Pranjul Bhandari, HSBC chief India economist, said the PMI rose as stronger demand lifted sales and production.
September PMI:
55.1
August PMI:
52.8
Expansion threshold:
Above 50
Why it matters for exams: PMI is a leading indicator of factory activity; a reading above 50 signals expansion.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
PMI Purchasing Managers' Index — A survey index where above 50 means expansion and below 50 means contraction.
1 October 2026
Prime Minister Narendra Modi is to participate in the Centenary Celebrations of the Union Public Service Commission at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, at 11 AM on 1 October 2026.
The event is to mark 100 years since the establishment of the UPSC in 1926.
He is to release a commemorative coin, a commemorative stamp and the book '100 Landmark Judgements- Shaping the Policies of UPSC and Public Service Commissions in India'.
The centenary observance began on 1 October 2025.
Chairmen and Members of State Public Service Commissions are among the expected participants.
UPSC established:
1926
Venue:
Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
Released:
Coin, stamp and book
Why it matters for exams: UPSC and the State Public Service Commissions are constitutional bodies under Articles 315 to 323, a core polity topic.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
UPSC Union Public Service Commission — The constitutional body that conducts recruitment exams for central services.
30 September 2026
Journalist Seema Chishti, Editor at The Wire, has sought to intervene in the Supreme Court reference on legislative privileges.
A seven-judge Constitution Bench is to hear the matter from 6 October 2026.
The reference is N. Ravi and others v. Speaker, Legislative Assembly, Chennai and others, which arises from a 2003 Tamil Nadu Assembly action against The Hindu's editorial staff.
The central question is whether privileges under Article 194 can prevail over the freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a).
Bench:
Seven-judge Constitution Bench
Hearing from:
6 October 2026
Articles:
194 and 19(1)(a)
Why it matters for exams: Legislative privileges versus fundamental rights is a core constitutional-law topic.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Article 194 Powers, privileges and immunities of State Legislatures — Covers the privileges of State Legislature members and committees.
30 September 2026
The contempt matter on deputation of IPS officers to the Central Armed Police Forces was moved to a special bench of Justice Manoj Misra and Justice Ujjal Bhuyan.
In May 2025 the Supreme Court had declared the CAPFs Organised Group 'A' Services and ordered a progressive reduction of IPS deputations.
Parliament has since enacted the Central Armed Police Force (General Administration) Act, 2026, which sets higher IPS quotas across BSF, CISF, CRPF, ITBP and SSB.
Additional Solicitor General Aishwarya Bhati told the bench that a request to consolidate the cases had been made before the Chief Justice of India.
Both the contempt petition and the writ petitions on the 2026 Act are listed for 15 October 2026.
Special bench:
Justices Manoj Misra and Ujjal Bhuyan
Next hearing:
15 October 2026
Forces covered:
BSF, CISF, CRPF, ITBP, SSB
Why it matters for exams: Cadre control of the Central Armed Police Forces and Supreme Court directions on service structure are recurring security and polity topics.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
CAPF Central Armed Police Forces — Forces under the Ministry of Home Affairs such as BSF, CRPF and CISF.
30 September 2026
Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal met US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on Wednesday 30 September 2026, on the sidelines of the G20 Trade Ministerial.
Goyal said they had a productive discussion towards early conclusion of a mutually beneficial interim agreement under the India-US Bilateral Trade Agreement.
The two sides had announced a framework for the first phase of the trade agreement in February 2026.
The meeting coincided with a phone call between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US President Donald Trump.
Venue:
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Met:
Piyush Goyal and Jamieson Greer
Framework announced:
February 2026
Why it matters for exams: India-US trade negotiations and the G20 trade track are standard topics for economy and international relations.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
USTR United States Trade Representative — The US official who leads trade negotiations.
30 September 2026
A bench of Justice Sanjay Kumar and Justice Sanjeev Sachdeva heard Veena Rani Saluja v. State of U.P. on 30 September 2026.
FIR No. 195/2026, dated 19 August 2026, in Bulandshahr was registered against an unknown motorcycle rider although the suspect had been apprehended at the scene.
The name was left blank in the FIR and supplied later.
The court summoned Shobhit Kumar, Circle Officer of Khurja, to be present on the next date of hearing to account for the discrepancies; it said it was open to him to file a better affidavit.
Bench:
Justices Sanjay Kumar and Sanjeev Sachdeva
FIR:
No. 195/2026, Bulandshahr
Officer summoned:
Circle Officer, Khurja
Why it matters for exams: FIR registration and police accountability link to criminal procedure and judicial oversight of investigation.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
FIR First Information Report — The first written record of a cognisable offence given to the police.
30 September 2026
Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US President Donald Trump held a phone call.
Modi said they reviewed bilateral cooperation in trade, defence, energy, critical technologies and other areas.
They agreed to maintain close engagement to take the Comprehensive Global Strategic Partnership forward.
They also exchanged views on regional and international issues, including efforts to advance global peace and security.
Leaders:
Narendra Modi and Donald Trump
Areas reviewed:
Trade, defence, energy, critical technologies
Partnership:
Comprehensive Global Strategic Partnership
Why it matters for exams: The India-US Comprehensive Global Strategic Partnership is a recurring international relations topic.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Comprehensive Global Strategic Partnership India-US partnership framework — The name both leaders use for the India-US relationship.