State Focus Himachal Pradesh Judiciary Polity & Governance

High Court of Himachal Pradesh: from a Court of Judicial Commissioner to its own court at Shimla

The e-Committee, Supreme Court of India records that Himachal Pradesh was formed by the integration of 26 Shimla and four Punjab hill States into a Centrally Administered Area in 1948, headed by a Chief Commissioner; parts of Bilaspur were merged into it on 1st April, 1954, with the headquarters at Shimla.
The Central Government promulgated the Himachal Pradesh (Courts) Order, 1948, and under Paragraph 3 of that Order the Court of Judicial Commissioner was established for Himachal Pradesh, vested with the powers of a High Court under the Judicial Commissioner's Court Act, 1950.
Alongside it two Courts of District and Sessions Judges and 27 subordinate Courts were set up, and the Punjab High Court rules and orders were applied to the courts of the territory with suitable amendments.
After the Delhi High Court Act was enacted by the Government of India, its operation was extended to the Union Territory of Himachal Pradesh with effect from May 1, 1967, replacing the Court of Judicial Commissioner with the Himachal Bench of Delhi High Court at Shimla.
Himachal Pradesh attained statehood in 1971 and established its own High Court with headquarters at Shimla, with a Chief Justice and two judges; the first Chief Justice of the High Court of Himachal Pradesh was Justice M. H. Beg, who is recorded as having become one of the Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of India.

Seat: Shimla First court with High Court powers: Court of Judicial Commissioner, under the Himachal Pradesh (Courts) Order, 1948 Delhi High Court bench at Shimla: with effect from May 1, 1967 Own High Court: on statehood in 1971, with a Chief Justice and two judges First Chief Justice: Justice M. H. Beg
Why it matters for exams: High Court questions ask for the seat, the year of establishment and the first Chief Justice, and Himachal Pradesh is the clearest example of a state whose court passed through a Judicial Commissioner stage and a Delhi High Court bench before it stood on its own.
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In plain words

Judicial Commissioner Court of the Judicial Commissioner — The highest court of a small centrally administered territory, exercising the powers of a High Court before a High Court was set up.

Centrally Administered Area Centrally Administered Area — A territory governed directly by the Union through a Chief Commissioner rather than by a state government.