Only the European Commission can propose EU laws; Parliament and the Council adopt them
Background
The European Commission is the EU's politically independent executive arm and is alone responsible for drawing up proposals for new European legislation.
It is the sole EU institution tabling laws for adoption by the European Parliament and the Council of the EU.
The Parliament, directly elected by EU voters every 5 years, passes EU laws together with the Council, based on Commission proposals.
The Parliament elects the Commission President and approves the Commission as a body; it can also vote a motion of censure, obliging the Commission to resign.
The Commission draws up annual budgets for approval by the Parliament and Council, and enforces EU law together with the Court of Justice.
In plain words
Council of the EU Council of the European Union — The body of national ministers that adopts EU laws together with the Parliament.
Motion of censure Parliament's vote of no confidence in the Commission — If passed, it obliges the Commission to resign.