Taiwan sits in the World Trade Organization as the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu
Background
The trade figures and competition rulings coming out of Taipei are those of a WTO member that does not sit under the name Taiwan.
The World Trade Organization lists the member as the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu.
Its short name in WTO practice is Chinese Taipei.
The WTO records it as a member since 1 January 2002.
Membership is possible because the WTO admits separate customs territories, not only states.
In plain words
Separate customs territory Separate customs territory — A territory with full autonomy over its external trade, which the WTO may admit as a member.
Chinese Taipei Chinese Taipei — The compromise designation Taiwan uses in several international bodies and in the Olympic movement.