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The GST Council under Article 279A: the Centre's one-third, the States' two-thirds and the three-fourths that carries a proposal

As per Article 279A(1) of the Constitution, the GST Council had to be constituted by the President within 60 days of the commencement of the Constitution (One Hundred and First) Amendment Act, 2016.
The notification for bringing into force Article 279A with effect from 12th September, 2016 was issued on 10th September, 2016.
The Union Cabinet approved setting up of the GST Council on 12th September, 2016 and also setting up its Secretariat, with its office in New Delhi.
The Secretary (Revenue) is the Ex-officio Secretary to the GST Council, and the Chairperson of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs is a permanent invitee (non-voting) to all its proceedings.
Where any proposal is put to vote, the vote of the Central Government has a weightage of one-third of the total votes cast and the votes of all the State Governments taken together a weightage of two-thirds; the proposal is carried if the total weighted votes in favour are equal to or greater than three-fourths.
The first meeting of the GST Council was held on 22nd and 23rd September, 2016.

Constitutional provision: Article 279A Enabling amendment: Constitution (One Hundred and First) Amendment Act, 2016 Centre's vote weightage: one-third of the total votes cast States' vote weightage: two-thirds of the total votes cast Threshold to carry a proposal: three-fourths First meeting: 22nd and 23rd September, 2016
Why it matters for exams: The weighted voting formula of the GST Council is one of the most frequently asked facts about Indian fiscal federalism.
Kerala PSCUPSC
7 October 2026 Source: Goods and Services Tax Council

In plain words

Ex-officio By virtue of office — The Secretary (Revenue) is Secretary to the GST Council by virtue of holding that post.

CBIC Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs — Its Chairperson is a permanent, non-voting invitee to GST Council proceedings.

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