Water, sanitation and the figures behind Sustainable Development Goal 6

Goal 6 of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals is ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
1.8 billion people still do not have drinking water on-premises.
3.4 billion people, nearly half the world's population, still lacked safely managed sanitation, including 354 million who practiced open defecation.
Improving access to water, sanitation and hygiene can save 1.4 million lives per year.
Better water, sanitation and hygiene could prevent the deaths of around 1,000 children under 5 per day.
Approximately 10 percent of the global population lives in countries with high or critical water stress.
Water-related disasters have dominated the list of disasters over the past 50 years and account for 70% of all deaths related to natural disasters.
44% of household wastewater is not treated properly, and 72% of all freshwater withdrawals are used by agriculture.
In July 2010 the United Nations General Assembly recognized the human right to water and sanitation.

Without drinking water on-premises: 1.8 billion people Lacking safely managed sanitation: 3.4 billion people, including 354 million practising open defecation Lives that could be saved each year: 1.4 million Share of deaths from natural disasters: 70% are water-related Freshwater withdrawals used by agriculture: 72% Right to water recognized: July 2010, by the UN General Assembly
Why it matters for exams: These are the headline global water and sanitation figures the UN itself publishes, and SDG 6 is a standard question.
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2 October 2026 Source: United Nations Updated 3 October 2026

In plain words

SDG 6 Sustainable Development Goal 6 — Availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.

Safely managed sanitation Use of improved facilities where waste is safely disposed of or treated — A stricter measure than simply having a toilet.

Water stress Demand for water exceeding the available supply — About 10 percent of the world lives in countries with high or critical water stress.