Background
With South Korea's exports at a record in early October 2026, its trade ties with India are a standing exam topic.
India and the Republic of Korea (South Korea) established diplomatic relations in 1973; the 50th anniversary was marked in 2023.
The Korea-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) was concluded in 2010, and both sides have agreed to expedite negotiations to upgrade it.
Relations were elevated to a Special Strategic Partnership in 2015.
In a joint press statement issued during President Lee Jae Myung's state visit to India, the two sides set a goal of US$50 billion in bilateral trade by 2030.
Diplomatic relations:
1973
CEPA concluded:
2010
Special Strategic Partnership:
2015
Trade goal:
US$50 billion by 2030
Why it matters for exams: The milestones of India-South Korea relations (1973, 2010, 2015) are frequently asked in both PSC and UPSC papers.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
CEPA Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement — A trade agreement covering goods, services and investment; India's with South Korea was concluded in 2010.
12 October 2026
South Korea's exports in the first 10 days of October 2026 reached a record $26.1 billion, according to Korea Customs Service data released on 12 October.
The previous high for the period was $15.3 billion, set in the first 10 days of October 2025.
Semiconductor exports rose 170.9 per cent to $12.1 billion; ship exports fell 13.4 per cent to $682 million.
Imports rose 65.5 per cent to $22.3 billion, leaving a trade surplus of $3.8 billion.
Exports to China rose 167 per cent to $7.59 billion and those to the United States 159.9 per cent to $3.65 billion.
Exports, 1-10 Oct 2026:
$26.1 billion
Chip exports:
$12.1 billion (+170.9%)
Trade surplus:
$3.8 billion
Why it matters for exams: Trade data on a major Asian economy and the semiconductor boom are standard economy questions.
Kerala PSCUPSCBank
In plain words
Korea Customs Service Korea Customs Service — South Korea's customs agency, which publishes trade figures for each 10-day period of a month.
12 October 2026
Mohamed Abdulla Al Shamsi, Ambassador of the United Arab Emirates to the Republic of Colombia, met Mauricio Gomez Amin, Colombia's Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism. Representatives of Dubai Chambers and DP World took part in the meeting. The two sides discussed ways to facilitate bilateral trade and to identify investment and business development opportunities. The meeting addressed the role of Dubai Chambers in facilitating business connections between companies in the two countries, including opportunities for Colombian businesses interested in accessing markets through the UAE. It also covered DP World's activities and expertise in ports, logistics and supply chain services, with particular attention to trade facilitation. Al Shamsi highlighted the importance of continued dialogue and coordination in identifying areas of mutual economic interest.
UAE Ambassador to Colombia:
Mohamed Abdulla Al Shamsi
Colombian minister:
Mauricio Gomez Amin, Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism
UAE bodies represented:
Dubai Chambers and DP World
Why it matters for exams: DP World and Dubai Chambers are the two UAE bodies most often named in trade and logistics questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
DP World Dubai Ports World — A Dubai state-owned ports and logistics operator that runs terminals on several continents.
Dubai Chambers — The Dubai body that represents businesses and promotes the emirate's commerce abroad.
Trade facilitation — Making customs, paperwork and transport simpler so that goods cross borders faster.
12 October 2026
The UAE Cabinet approved the Federal General Budget Plan for 2027 to 2029 at AED 292.5 billion. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, announced the approval on Monday. The plan is 28.3 per cent larger than the previous three-year cycle. The federal budget for the fiscal year 2027 is AED 90.1 billion. Of that, social development and pensions take AED 34.6 billion, or 38.4 per cent, the largest single share. Government affairs take AED 29.1 billion (32.3 per cent), federal expenses AED 17.8 billion (19.7 per cent), financial assets and investments AED 5.6 billion (6.2 per cent) and infrastructure and economic resources AED 3 billion (3.4 per cent).
Budget plan for 2027 to 2029:
AED 292.5 billion
Increase over the previous cycle:
28.3 per cent
Federal budget for 2027:
AED 90.1 billion
Social development and pensions:
AED 34.6 billion (38.4 per cent)
Why it matters for exams: Gulf budget figures and the UAE's leadership titles are regular questions in Kerala PSC and bank exams.
Kerala PSCUPSCBank
In plain words
AED Arab Emirati Dirham — The official currency of the United Arab Emirates, divided into 100 fils.
Federal General Budget — The spending plan of the UAE federation, separate from the budgets of each emirate.
Fiscal year — In the UAE the financial year runs from 1 January to 31 December.
12 October 2026
The Telangana Renewable Energy Development Corporation Ltd (TGREDCO) and the Telangana Power Generation Corporation Ltd (TG-Genco) released tender documents on 12 October 2026 for a diversified renewable energy portfolio of 5,800 MW.
The package has 3,000 MW of solar power integrated with a 6,000 MWh battery energy storage system (BESS), 800 MW of wind power and 2,000 MW of renewable energy round-the-clock (RE-RTC) power.
A separate 2,000 MWh firm and dispatchable renewable energy (FDRE) battery storage is also being procured.
The solar-with-storage, wind and RE-RTC contracts run for 25 years each, while the FDRE storage contract is for 15 years.
Officials said the State's peak electricity demand has already reached 19,892 MW, pushed up by industrial expansion, urbanisation, data centres, electric mobility and irrigation.
The projects will be awarded through competitive bidding and will be developed, financed, owned and operated by private developers, so the State takes on no capital investment, budgetary support or State guarantee.
Total renewable capacity tendered:
5,800 MW
Solar with storage:
3,000 MW with 6,000 MWh BESS
Wind power:
800 MW
Round-the-clock renewable power:
2,000 MW (RE-RTC)
FDRE battery storage:
2,000 MWh for 15 years
State peak demand:
19,892 MW
Why it matters for exams: Capacity figures, storage terms like BESS and FDRE, and the agencies that procure power are frequently asked in energy questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
BESS Battery Energy Storage System — Batteries that store surplus electricity and release it when demand peaks.
RE-RTC Renewable Energy Round-The-Clock — Renewable supply contracted to be available through all hours of the day.
FDRE Firm and Dispatchable Renewable Energy — Renewable power that can be supplied on demand at a promised level.
TG-Genco Telangana Power Generation Corporation Limited — The State company that generates electricity in Telangana.
12 October 2026
The 2026 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index, a statistical update published on 12 October 2026 by the United Nations Development Programme with the University of Oxford, covers 108 countries.
Of the 6.3 billion people living in those countries, 1.2 billion, or 18.9 per cent, live in acute multidimensional poverty.
The number of people in multidimensional poverty has risen for the first time since the index was launched in 2010.
More than half of all multidimensionally poor people are children, 617 million in all, and more than 8 in 10 live in rural areas.
Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest rate of any world region, with 616 million people, 51.4 per cent of its population, multidimensionally poor.
This year's update adds new surveys from 13 countries and gives subnational estimates for 1,360 regions across 100 countries.
Among the 89 countries with trend data, 33 have halved their MPI value in fewer than 15 years, six of them in sub-Saharan Africa.
UNDP Administrator Alexander De Croo called the rise in poverty "a wake-up call for the world", adding that progress is possible.
People in acute multidimensional poverty:
1.2 billion
Share of population covered:
18.9 per cent of 6.3 billion
Countries covered:
108
Poor children:
617 million
Sub-Saharan Africa:
616 million, 51.4 per cent of its population
Why it matters for exams: The global MPI's three dimensions, ten indicators and the one-third deprivation cut-off are standard questions, and this update reverses the index's long downward trend.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSCBank
In plain words
MPI Multidimensional Poverty Index — A measure of poverty that counts overlapping deprivations in health, education and standard of living rather than income alone.
Acute multidimensional poverty — A person counts as poor on this index if deprived in at least one-third of its weighted indicators.
UNDP United Nations Development Programme — The UN's development agency, which publishes the Human Development Report and the global MPI.
Subnational estimate — A poverty figure worked out for a region or province inside a country rather than for the country as a whole.
12 October 2026
The Reserve Bank of India launched the 116th round of its quarterly Industrial Outlook Survey on 12 October 2026 for the reference period October to December 2026.
On the same day it launched the 51st round of the quarterly Services and Infrastructure Outlook Survey for the same reference period.
The Industrial Outlook Survey assesses business sentiment in the manufacturing sector, while the Services and Infrastructure Outlook Survey covers selected companies in the services and infrastructure sectors.
Both surveys collect qualitative responses on demand conditions, financial conditions, employment conditions and the price situation for the current quarter, Q3:2026-27, and expectations for Q4:2026-27.
The outlook on key parameters for Q1:2027-28 and Q2:2027-28 is also covered.
M/s Genesis Management & Market Research Pvt. Ltd. has been authorised to conduct both surveys on behalf of the Reserve Bank, and the findings are released in summary form on the Bank's website without revealing the identity of respondents.
Industrial Outlook Survey round:
116th
Services and Infrastructure Outlook Survey round:
51st
Reference period:
October to December 2026
Current quarter covered:
Q3:2026-27
Why it matters for exams: Round numbers of the Reserve Bank's regular surveys and the sectors they cover are frequent one-mark questions in bank examinations.
Kerala PSCUPSCBank
In plain words
IOS Industrial Outlook Survey — A quarterly Reserve Bank survey of how manufacturing firms see demand, finance, jobs and prices.
SIOS Services and Infrastructure Outlook Survey — The companion quarterly survey covering services and infrastructure companies.
Business sentiment — How optimistic or pessimistic firms feel about their own trading conditions.
Qualitative response — An answer given as a direction such as better, same or worse, rather than as a number.
12 October 2026
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation released Consumer Price Index data for September 2026 on 12 October 2026.
Headline retail inflation rose to 5.54% from 4.83% in August 2026, a rise of 71 basis points.
Food inflation, measured by the Consumer Food Price Index, rose to 7.74% from 5.97%.
Rural inflation stood at 6.08% and urban inflation at 4.88%.
Onion inflation was 108.09% and silver jewellery 87.80%, while potato was at minus 11.50%.
Among States with a population above five million, Tamil Nadu recorded the highest headline rate at 6.81%.
The Monetary Policy Committee had raised the policy repo rate by 25 basis points to 5.50% on 7 October 2026 and changed its stance to calibrated tightening.
Headline retail inflation:
5.54%
Food inflation (CFPI):
7.74%
Rural inflation:
6.08%
Urban inflation:
4.88%
August 2026 headline rate:
4.83%
Policy repo rate:
5.50%
Why it matters for exams: Monthly inflation figures and the repo rate are standing favourites in Kerala PSC and bank examinations.
Kerala PSCUPSCBank
In plain words
CPI Consumer Price Index — The index that tracks the retail prices a household pays for a fixed basket of goods and services.
CFPI Consumer Food Price Index — The food-only part of the Consumer Price Index.
Basis point One hundredth of one per cent — Interest rate changes are counted in these units, so 25 of them make a quarter of a percentage point.
Calibrated tightening — A policy stance under which the central bank may raise rates but will not lower them.
12 October 2026
National Highway-65 along the Hyderabad–Vijayawada–Machilipatnam corridor is to be expanded from four lanes to six in a Rs 12,073-crore project, with two additional service lanes.
The New Indian Express reported that the project has cleared the technical committee-level process, with final approval from the Union Cabinet Committee awaited.
On Monday, October 12, Roads and Buildings Minister Komatireddy Venkat Reddy met NHAI chairman Santosh Kumar Yadav and member (projects) Vipnesh Sharma in Delhi to expedite the project.
The National Highways Authority of India has fixed November 11, 2026 as the deadline for submission of bids, and Mr Yadav assured the minister that works would begin by January 2027.
The project envisages service roads on both sides and controlled-access facilities.
The expansion is expected to ease congestion, reduce travel time and improve road safety.
The State roads and buildings department will coordinate with Central agencies for timely execution.
Project cost:
Rs 12,073 crore
Corridor:
Hyderabad–Vijayawada–Machilipatnam (NH-65)
Widening:
Four lanes to six lanes, with two additional service lanes
Bid deadline:
November 11, 2026
Works to begin:
By January 2027
Why it matters for exams: Highway corridors, project costs and the role of NHAI in tendering are staple infrastructure questions; NH-65 links Hyderabad, Vijayawada and Machilipatnam.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
NHAI National Highways Authority of India — The Central agency that has fixed the bid deadline for the NH-65 six-laning.
Six-laning Widening a four-lane highway to six lanes — On NH-65 the project also adds service roads and controlled-access facilities.
12 October 2026
According to officials, the State Government has initiated a renewable energy procurement programme through Telangana Renewable Energy Development Corporation Ltd (TGREDCO) and Telangana Power Generation Corporation Ltd (TG-Genco).
Tender documents will be released for 3,000 MW of solar power integrated with a 6,000 MWh battery energy storage system (BESS), 800 MW of wind power, 2,000 MW of renewable energy round-the-clock (RE-RTC) power and a 2,000 MWh FDRE BESS.
Peak electricity demand in the State has already reached 19,892 MW.
The solar, wind and RE-RTC procurements are for 25 years each; the 2,000 MWh FDRE BESS is for 15 years.
Projects will be developed, financed, owned and operated by private developers through competitive bidding, without capital investment, budgetary support or State Government guarantee.
Peak electricity demand:
19,892 MW
Solar power with BESS:
3,000 MW with 6,000 MWh
Wind power:
800 MW
RE-RTC power:
2,000 MW
FDRE BESS:
2,000 MWh (15 years)
Why it matters for exams: Telangana's energy mix and agencies: note TGREDCO and TG-Genco, the 19,892 MW peak demand and the 3,000 + 800 + 2,000 = 5,800 MW total.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
BESS Battery Energy Storage System — A battery system that stores electricity, for example from solar, to supply it later.
RE-RTC Renewable energy round-the-clock — Renewable power supplied across all hours of the day.
12 October 2026
On Monday, Justice B. Vijaysen Reddy of the Telangana High Court declined to order an interim halt to the tender process for Radial Road-2 (RR-2), observing that stopping the process at this stage may not be in the public interest.
The 81.15-km RR-2 will connect the Outer Ring Road (ORR) to NH-167N via Kothwalguda (Budwel), and is divided into three packages.
Sushee Infra and Mining Limited filed three writ petitions against the rejection of its technical bids; the bids were rejected on the ground that its experience certificates did not bear the countersignature of the superintending engineer.
The judge directed the company to implead the successful L-1 bidder as a respondent before the question of interim relief is reconsidered.
The respondents were directed to file their counters within two weeks.
RR-2 length:
81.15 km
Number of packages:
3
Writ petitions heard:
3
Time for respondents' counters:
two weeks
Why it matters for exams: A tender-challenge case on Hyderabad's Radial Road-2: note the 81.15-km length, the three packages and the L-1 bidder.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
L-1 bidder Lowest bidder — The bidder whose quoted price is the lowest among those considered.
Implead Add as a party to a case — To make a person a party to a court case so that the court can hear them.
Background
This item explains India's long-term stake in Chabahar, the Iranian port in the news as the Gulf of Oman and Hormuz shipping lanes are disrupted. India Ports Global Limited (IPGL) and the Ports and Maritime Organisation of Iran signed a 10-year contract for the Shahid Beheshti Terminal at Chabahar Port in Tehran on 13 May 2024. Indian Shipping Minister Sarbananda Sonowal and his Iranian counterpart Mehrdad Bazrpash witnessed the signing. IPGL will invest about $120 million to equip the port, and India offered a rupee credit line equivalent to $250 million for jointly identified infrastructure projects at Chabahar. Sonowal said the deal "had laid the foundation for India's long-term involvement" in the port.
Contract:
10-year, Shahid Beheshti Terminal, Chabahar Port
IPGL investment:
About $120 million
Credit line:
Rupee equivalent of $250 million
Why it matters for exams: Chabahar's operator, investment and credit line are standard India-Iran relations questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
IPGL India Ports Global Limited — The Indian state-run company that operates India's overseas port projects.
12 October 2026
Mohsen Rezaei, described by Al Jazeera as Iran's security chief, said on Sunday night (11 October) that a system in which smaller vessels move Gulf crude to larger tankers is now an explicit target for Tehran. Al Jazeera reported that he claimed the system is run by US Central Command with the help of the UAE military, and quoted him as saying: "You are smuggling, but the strait is under Iran's control, and we manage it." The Week reports that Tehran has said it will not step back until Washington meets seven conditions, including the lifting of the naval blockade. Al Jazeera reports that freight made up 25 to 30 per cent of the cost of Gulf crude, against 1 to 3 per cent before the war, according to the maritime intelligence firm Windward; that Gulf national oil companies have offered discounts of up to $35 a barrel below official selling prices; and that between 15 and 20 per cent of very large crude carriers (VLCCs) are tied up with a logistics system that relies on shuttle transfers. The Week gives the same freight and VLCC ranges. It also reports that the US naval blockade pushed Iran's own crude exports to zero in September.
Freight share of Gulf crude cost (Windward, via Al Jazeera):
25 to 30 per cent (1 to 3 per cent before the war)
Discounts below official selling prices:
Up to $35 a barrel
VLCCs tied up in the shuttle:
15 to 20 per cent
Why it matters for exams: Hormuz carries about a fifth of world oil; shipping, freight and blockade questions link geography with economy.
UPSC
In plain words
VLCC Very Large Crude Carrier — A very large oil tanker used to carry crude over long distances.
12 October 2026
The 2026 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel goes to Robert E. Hall of Stanford University and Michael Woodford of Columbia University. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced it on 12 October 2026. Their research shows how to keep economies stable and avoid damaging swings in inflation, growth and employment. The prize committee says the work generated a paradigm shift in stabilisation policy. The prize is 12 million Swedish kronor, shared.
Laureates:
Robert E. Hall and Michael Woodford
Prize amount:
12 million Swedish kronor
Announced by:
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Why it matters for exams: Nobel laureates and the fields they are honoured for are a standing question in UPSC, Kerala PSC and bank exams.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSCBank
In plain words
Sveriges Riksbank Prize Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel — The full name of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, as used in the 2026 announcement.
12 October 2026
The Reserve Bank of India has launched the 116th round of its quarterly Industrial Outlook Survey of the Indian manufacturing sector for Q3:2026-27. The survey collects qualitative responses on demand, financial, employment and price conditions. It assesses sentiment for the current quarter and expectations for the next quarter, Q4:2026-27, and also covers the outlook for the first two quarters of 2027-28. The reference period is October-December 2026. Genesis Management and Market Research Pvt. Ltd. has been authorised to conduct the survey on the RBI's behalf, and findings are published in summary form without revealing respondents' identities.
Survey round:
116th
Quarter:
Q3:2026-27
Reference period:
October-December 2026
Conducting agency:
Genesis Management and Market Research Pvt. Ltd.
Why it matters for exams: RBI surveys and business-sentiment indicators are standard material for economy and bank-exam papers.
Kerala PSCUPSCBank
11 October 2026
Energy Minister Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman signed three memoranda of understanding with ministers from Kuwait, Qatar and Egypt in Riyadh on Sunday, 11 October 2026. The MoU with Kuwait's Minister of Electricity, Water and Renewable Energy covers electricity, renewable energy, power grid interconnection, electricity exports, energy storage and smart grids. The MoU with Qatar's Minister of State for Energy Affairs Saad bin Sherida Al-Kaabi covers oil, gas, refining, petrochemicals, clean hydrogen and renewables. It also provides for exploring joint projects on pipelines for the transportation and export of oil and gas. The MoU with Egypt's Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Karim Badawi covers trade, transport, storage and distribution of crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas. It includes sharing Saudi experience in opening the liquefied petroleum gas sector to competition.
Number of MoUs:
3
Partner countries:
Kuwait, Qatar, Egypt
Qatar's signatory:
Saad bin Sherida Al-Kaabi
Egypt's signatory:
Karim Badawi
Why it matters for exams: Regional energy pacts, especially on grid interconnection and pipelines, show how Gulf states are linking their energy systems.
Kerala PSCUPSC
11 October 2026
Saudi Energy Minister Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman spoke at the opening of the International Energy Forum's ministerial meeting (IEF17) in Riyadh on Sunday, 11 October 2026, which marked the start of Riyadh Energy Week. "I am proud to say that this country, and the city of Riyadh, is the capital of energy security," he said. He said energy security requires cooperation among countries and that the Kingdom would keep meeting its commitments to global markets. He cited the East-West Pipeline, which links Eastern Province production centres to Yanbu on the Red Sea, as an example of investment in supply resilience. He said further pipeline work was under way. The IEF says IEF17 is hosted by Saudi Arabia with Italy and Nigeria as co-hosts, and that Italy will host IEF18 in 2028.
Meeting:
IEF17 Ministerial, Riyadh
Co-hosts:
Italy and Nigeria
Next ministerial:
IEF18, Italy, 2028
Why it matters for exams: The International Energy Forum is the producer–consumer dialogue body for energy, and its ministerial hosts and co-hosts are examinable.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
IEF International Energy Forum — An intergovernmental forum that brings energy-producing and energy-consuming countries together for dialogue.
11 October 2026
International Energy Agency (IEA) Executive Director Fatih Birol wrote to Member governments on 11 October 2026 about tightening global diesel markets. He asked Members that have not fully delivered their pledged releases under the March 2026 Collective Action to consider whether they can accelerate the remaining releases, prioritising diesel. All Members were asked to assess whether additional diesel releases are needed, and their scale and timing. The IEA Governing Board will review these efforts at its meeting on 15 October. The IEA had agreed in March to release 400 million barrels, Euronews reported. Birol said the IEA could once again demonstrate its capacity to act together.
Governing Board meeting:
15 October 2026
March 2026 release agreed:
400 million barrels
Executive Director:
Fatih Birol
Why it matters for exams: The IEA, its emergency stock system and its leadership are frequent economy and energy questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
IEA International Energy Agency — A Paris-based intergovernmental energy body that coordinates emergency oil stock releases.
Collective Action IEA Collective Action — A coordinated release of emergency oil stocks by IEA members during a supply disruption.
11 October 2026
Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman concluded her official visit to Singapore from October 8 to 11, 2026. She called on President Tharman Shanmugaratnam and Prime Minister Lawrence Wong. The talks reviewed outcomes of the 4th India–Singapore Ministerial Roundtable (ISMR) and the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, including the run-up to Singapore's ASEAN Chairmanship in 2027. She attended a luncheon hosted by President Tharman and IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva. With the Monetary Authority of Singapore, the two sides discussed tokenisation of financial assets and central bank digital currencies. She encouraged investors to use the NIIF and GIFT IFSC.
Visit dates:
October 8 to 11, 2026
Mechanism reviewed:
4th India–Singapore Ministerial Roundtable
Singapore's ASEAN Chairmanship:
2027
Why it matters for exams: India–Singapore ties, the ISMR mechanism and Singapore's 2027 ASEAN chair are relevant to international relations papers.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
ISMR India–Singapore Ministerial Roundtable — A ministerial dialogue between India and Singapore that sets the agenda for their partnership.
GIFT IFSC Gujarat International Finance Tec-City International Financial Services Centre — India's first international financial services centre, at Gandhinagar.
CBDC Central Bank Digital Currency — Digital money issued directly by a central bank.
11 October 2026
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister C Joseph Vijay placed a list of demands before Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Chennai on 11 October 2026. He sought the immediate, unconditional release of the pending Central share of Rs 5,110 crore under the Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan. He asked for early approval of Chennai Metro Phase-3, early sanction for an interstate metro link between Hosur and Bommasandra in Karnataka, and reconsideration of metro projects for Coimbatore and Madurai. He sought high-speed rail corridors from Chennai to Kanniyakumari and Chennai to Coimbatore, and six-laning of the Chengalpattu–Tiruchirappalli section of GST Road (NH-32). He also asked that the Godavari–Cauvery link be declared a national project and that the proposal to make Tamil the principal language of proceedings in the Madras High Court be cleared.
Samagra Shiksha dues sought:
Rs 5,110 crore
Interstate metro:
Hosur–Bommasandra
High-speed rail sought:
Chennai–Kanniyakumari, Chennai–Coimbatore
River link:
Godavari–Cauvery as national project
Why it matters for exams: Centre-State fiscal transfers under Samagra Shiksha and river-linking projects are key federalism and economy topics.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Samagra Shiksha Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan — The centrally sponsored scheme for school education from pre-school to Class 12, funded jointly by the Centre and States.