10 October 2026
The Kerala State Commission for Protection of Child Rights held a state-level consultation on 9 October 2026 at the KTDC Grand Chaithram Hotel in Thiruvananthapuram.
The meeting brought together superintendents and counsellors of homes that shelter children who have faced sexual exploitation.
Acting Chairperson Cecily Joseph inaugurated the meeting and Commission member T.C. Jalaja Mol presided.
Commission member K.K. Shaju gave the welcome address, and members B. Mohan Kumar, Dr F. Wilson and P. Shajesh Bhaskar spoke.
K. Muhammad Shafi, State Additional Nodal Officer of the Special Juvenile Police Unit and Principal of the Police Training College, addressed the meeting.
K. Krishnamoorthy, Programme Manager of the Integrated Child Protection Scheme in the Women and Child Development Department, VRC Coordinator Parvathy Menon and Sreela Menon, State Coordinator of the Nirbhaya Cell, also spoke.
Venue:
KTDC Grand Chaithram Hotel, Thiruvananthapuram
Inaugurated by:
Acting Chairperson Cecily Joseph
Presided over by:
Commission member T.C. Jalaja Mol
Why it matters for exams: The Commission for Protection of Child Rights, the Special Juvenile Police Unit and the Integrated Child Protection Scheme are frequently asked child protection institutions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
SJPU Special Juvenile Police Unit — A police unit required in every district under the juvenile justice law to handle children in need of care and children in conflict with law.
ICPS Integrated Child Protection Scheme — The centrally supported scheme through which States run child protection services and institutions.
10 October 2026
The Kerala Public Service Commission's extraordinary gazette dated 30 September 2026 carries Category Numbers 151/2026 to 161/2026.
The last date to submit applications for all these categories is 4 November 2026.
The posts include Draftsman Grade-II in the Kerala Ports Service (Hydrographic Survey Wing) as Category 151/2026 and Forest Boat Driver in the Forest and Wildlife Department as Categories 153/2026 and 154/2026, the second by transfer.
Higher Secondary School Teacher in Statistics under Kerala Higher Secondary Education is notified as Category 155/2026 as a special recruitment for Scheduled Tribes only.
Police Constable Driver and Woman Police Constable Driver in the Kerala Police is Category 159/2026, a first NCA notification for Latin Catholics and Anglo-Indians.
Peon or Watchman in KSFE Ltd., recruited from among part-time employees, appears as Category 152/2026 by direct recruitment and as Categories 160/2026 and 161/2026, which are NCA notifications for Scheduled Tribes.
Draftsman Grade-II or Town Planning Surveyor Grade-II in the Local Self Government Department's Group IV Planning Wing is Category 156/2026, a special recruitment for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
Gazette date:
30 September 2026
Category numbers:
151/2026 to 161/2026
Last date to apply:
4 November 2026
Why it matters for exams: Category numbers, the gazette date and the last date are the facts a Kerala PSC aspirant is tested on and must act on.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
NCA Non-availability of Candidates — A supplementary notification for a reserved turn left unfilled in an earlier list; Kerala PSC describes such a notification as issued 'due to the non-availability of' candidates of the community concerned.
10 October 2026
The Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes Welfare Department said on 9 October 2026 that it had completed the 32 projects announced for it under the State's 100-day action plan.
The 'Dakshayani' self-employment assistance scheme, named after Dakshayani Velayudhan, gives a subsidy of up to ₹3.75 lakh to an individual Scheduled Caste woman entrepreneur and up to ₹11.25 lakh to a group.
The 'Priyadarshini' scheme offers an interest-free loan of up to ₹5 lakh to start a new production unit or expand an existing one.
'Panchami Gramam', a pilot for the comprehensive development of Scheduled Caste colonies, began in the Kongad constituency in Palakkad district and can be taken up wherever at least three Scheduled Caste families live.
A Special Purpose Vehicle was appointed for the Wayanad Tribal University and its office began functioning.
The department completed 1,000 study rooms for students and development work in 50 Ambedkar villages.
The State Backward Classes Development Corporation disbursed ₹200 crore in loans to 16,000 beneficiaries, and a Forest Rights Act portal was launched to issue rights documents online.
Projects completed:
32
Dakshayani subsidy, individual:
up to ₹3.75 lakh
Dakshayani subsidy, group:
up to ₹11.25 lakh
Loans by Backward Classes Development Corporation:
₹200 crore to 16,000 beneficiaries
Why it matters for exams: Scheme names, subsidy limits and the persons they are named after are a frequent Kerala PSC question pattern in welfare administration.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
SPV Special Purpose Vehicle — A separate body created to carry out one defined project, here the setting up of the Wayanad Tribal University.
FRA Forest Rights Act — The 2006 central law that recognises the forest land and resource rights of forest-dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers.
10 October 2026
The Kerala Cabinet on 9 October 2026 approved the Department for Senior Citizens Bill.
Chief Minister V.D. Satheesan said the Bill will be introduced in the Assembly session beginning on 12 October 2026.
He said the aim is to ensure legal protection for senior citizens.
Kerala was the first in the world to set up a government department for senior citizens.
A survey to count senior citizens in Kerala has begun, and those needing care will be counted and followed up.
The Chief Minister said no senior citizen in Kerala will be left alone.
Cabinet approval:
9 October 2026
Assembly session begins:
12 October 2026
Why it matters for exams: Bills cleared by the Cabinet and the date an Assembly session begins are routinely asked in Kerala PSC polity and current affairs papers.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Bill Bill — A draft law placed before the legislature; it becomes an Act after it is passed and assented to.
10 October 2026
Chief Minister V.D. Satheesan said after the Cabinet meeting on 9 October 2026 that the State government's first 100-day action plan had been carried out to the extent of 96.8%.
Of the 588 projects taken up, 568 were completed, and 20 more have reached 90% completion.
Kerala's first public portal for scrutinising a 100-day plan has been set up, and a dashboard will be created to track investment proposals and their progress.
A file adalat named 'Janasparsham' will run from 15 October to 31 December 2026 to settle files pending for years in government departments.
The government will also study why files stall and redesign the file movement system.
A report on the impact of the 100-day plan will be published.
Projects taken up:
588
Projects completed:
568
Completion reported:
96.8%
Janasparsham adalat window:
15 October to 31 December 2026
Why it matters for exams: The 100-day action plan figures and the Janasparsham file adalat are typical Kerala PSC current affairs questions on State administration.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
File adalat File adalat — A time-bound sitting in which officials take up long-pending files and dispose of them on the spot.
Background
The EU has 24 official languages: Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish and Swedish.
Every time new members have joined the EU, they have added to the number of official languages.
The Council establishes the rules on the use of languages by the EU institutions, acting unanimously by means of regulations adopted in accordance with Article 342 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
Those rules are laid down in Regulation No 1, which states that the institutions have 24 official and working languages.
Multilingualism is enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights: EU nationals have the right to use any of the 24 official languages to communicate with the EU institutions, and the institutions must reply in the same language.
Legal acts and their summaries are available in all official EU languages.
Meetings of the European Council and the Council of the European Union are interpreted into all official languages, and Members of the European Parliament have the right to use any official language when speaking in Parliament.
English remains an official EU language, despite the United Kingdom having left the EU, as long as it is listed in Regulation No 1.
Official languages of the EU:
24
Treaty basis for language rules:
Article 342 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Instrument laying down the rules:
Regulation No 1
How the Council acts on language rules:
unanimously
Right under the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
the institutions must reply in the same language
Why it matters for exams: The number 24, the treaty article behind it and the fact that English survived the United Kingdom's departure are all standard one-mark questions on the European Union.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
TFEU Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union — One of the two core EU treaties; its Article 342 is the basis for the language rules.
Regulation No 1 Regulation No 1 of the European Union — The regulation that states that the EU institutions have 24 official and working languages.
Multilingualism multilingualism — A founding principle of the EU under which citizens may address the institutions in any official language.
Background
The Treaty Section of the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs is responsible for two key areas of work.
The first is the discharge of the depositary functions of the Secretary-General of the United Nations under more than 560 multilateral treaties.
The second is the registration and publication of treaties and international agreements under Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
The United Nations Treaty Collection is a global portal providing on-line access to information relating to this work.
On the United Nations Treaty Series Online page, users can access information on the more than 250,000 treaties or treaty actions that have been registered and published by the Secretariat.
That database includes the texts of treaties in their authentic languages, along with translations into English or French.
For each treaty deposited with the Secretary-General, the Status of Treaties pages give the title, date and place of conclusion, participants, date and method of entry into force, and reservations and objections.
Treaties registered in accordance with article 18 of the Covenant of the League of Nations are available through the League of Nations Treaty Series.
Multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General:
more than 560 multilateral treaties
Treaties or treaty actions registered and published:
more than 250,000
Charter provision for registration and publication:
Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations
League of Nations equivalent:
article 18 of the Covenant of the League of Nations
Translation languages in the database:
English or French
Why it matters for exams: Article 102 is the answer to why a treaty must be registered with the UN before it can be invoked before a UN organ, and the League of Nations parallel is a common linking question.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
UNTC United Nations Treaty Collection — The global portal that gives on-line access to the depositary, registration and publication work of the Treaty Section.
Depositary depositary of a treaty — The authority that keeps the original text of a treaty and records signatures, ratifications and accessions.
OLA Office of Legal Affairs — The United Nations office whose Treaty Section carries out the depositary, registration and publication functions.
Background
The International Maritime Organization is responsible for more than 50 international conventions and agreements and has adopted numerous protocols and amendments.
IMO has six main bodies concerned with the adoption or implementation of conventions: the Assembly and the Council are the main organs, and the committees involved are the Maritime Safety Committee, the Marine Environment Protection Committee, the Legal Committee and the Facilitation Committee.
In early conventions, amendments came into force only after a percentage of Contracting States, usually two thirds, had accepted them, which in practice led to long delays.
Under the tacit acceptance procedure an amendment enters into force at a particular time unless, before that date, objections to the amendment are received from a specified number of Parties.
Under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, an amendment to most of the Annexes, which constitute the technical parts of the Convention, is deemed to have been accepted at the end of two years from the date on which it is communicated to Contracting Governments.
It is not accepted if objected to by more than one third of Contracting Governments, or by Contracting Governments owning not less than 50 per cent of the world's gross merchant tonnage.
This period may be varied by the Maritime Safety Committee, with a minimum limit of one year, and amendments generally enter into force within 18 to 24 months.
Enforcement of IMO conventions depends upon the Governments of Member Parties, which enforce the provisions for their own ships and set the penalties for infringements.
Conventions and agreements IMO is responsible for:
more than 50
Main bodies concerned with conventions:
six main bodies
Deemed acceptance period for most SOLAS Annexes:
two years
Objection threshold by Contracting Governments:
more than one third of Contracting Governments
Objection threshold by tonnage:
not less than 50 per cent
Minimum period the Maritime Safety Committee may set:
one year
Usual time for amendments to enter into force:
18 to 24 months
Why it matters for exams: Tacit acceptance is the standard answer to why maritime safety rules change quickly, and it is a favourite contrast with ordinary treaty amendment.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
IMO International Maritime Organization — The United Nations specialized agency responsible for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships.
SOLAS International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea — The principal IMO treaty on the safety of merchant ships; its Annexes carry the technical requirements.
Tacit acceptance tacit acceptance procedure — An amendment procedure under which silence counts as consent, so an amendment takes effect unless a stated number of Parties object in time.
Background
Parts of Mizoram are administered by autonomous district councils under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India.
The Siaha district area comes under the Mara Autonomous District Council.
The councils function like mini legislative assemblies with powers to pass their own laws and rules, subject to ratification by the Administrator, who is the Governor of Mizoram.
The Lai Autonomous District Council takes up the education sector within Lawngtlai District up to elementary level.
Schools within Lawngtlai District have Laica as a subject up to Middle School, so that pupils study and better understand the Lai language.
Below the councils the villages are grouped into village councils: the Siaha block has 37 Village Councils and the Tipa block has 41 Village Councils.
Kolasib was upgraded as the headquarters of a sub-division, manned by a Sub-Divisional Officer (Civil), after Mizoram was elevated to a Union Territory.
Constitutional provision for the councils:
Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India
Council covering the Siaha district area:
Mara Autonomous District Council
Village Councils in Siaha block:
37
Village Councils in Tipa block:
41
Mizoram elevated to a Union Territory:
1972
Why it matters for exams: The Sixth Schedule councils and the village council tier are the structure questions on Mizoram's administration turn on.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
ADC Autonomous District Council — A council set up under the Sixth Schedule to run listed subjects in a tribal area of a north-eastern state.
Laica Lai language as a school subject — The subject taught in Lawngtlai District schools up to Middle School so that pupils understand the Lai language.
Background
Meghalaya is situated on the north east of India and its capital is Shillong.
The State portal records the emergence of Meghalaya first as an Autonomous State and then as a full-fledged State, calling it the beginning of a new era in the geo-political history of North Eastern India.
The State extends for about 300 kilometres in length and about 100 kilometres in breadth.
The portal gives the area as 22,429 Sq. Km, the Census population as 29,66,889, the density as 132 Per Sqr. Km and the literacy rate as 74.43 %.
The languages listed for the State are Khasi, Pnar, Garo & English.
Shillong, the capital, is located at an altitude of 1496 metres above sea level, and the capital city derives its name from the manifestation of the creator called Shyllong.
District headquarters listed by the portal include Shillong, Nongstoin, Mawkyrwat, Nongpoh, Jowai, Khliehriat, Williamnagar, Tura, Resubelpara, Ampati, Baghmara and Mairang.
The climate varies with altitude, the Khasi and Jaintia Hills being neither too warm in summer nor too cold in winter, while over the plains of Garo Hills it is warm and humid.
Area:
22,429 Sq. Km
Population:
29,66,889 (As Per 2011 Census)
Density:
132 Per Sqr. Km
Literacy Rate:
74.43 %
Autonomous State:
2nd April 1970
Full-fledged State:
21st January 1972
Altitude of the capital:
1496 metres above sea level
Why it matters for exams: The capital, area, population, density and literacy figures of a north-eastern State and its statehood sequence are standard one-mark material in State PSC and UPSC prelims.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
C&RD Block Community and Rural Development Block — The rural administrative block unit into which Meghalaya's districts are divided.
Shyllong The manifestation of the creator the capital is named after — The State portal says the capital city derives its name from this manifestation of the creator.
Background
The district administration's own page says Imphal West District falls in the category of the Manipur valley region, a tiny plain at the centre of Manipur.
Imphal City, the State Capital, is the nodal functional centre of this district.
It is surrounded by Kangpokpi District on the north, by Imphal East and Thoubal on the east, by Thoubal and Bishnupur on the south, and by Senapati and Bishnupur on the west.
The district's area is given as 519.00 sq km, and its population as 5,17,992, of which 3,22,879 persons are urban.
Population density is 998 persons per sq km against 128 for the state, and the share of urban population is 62.33 against 29.21 for the state.
The district's sex ratio is 1,031 females per 1000 males, above the state figure of 985.
The main rivers draining the Imphal West plain are the Imphal river and the Nambul river; the Nambul's outlet falls on Loktak Lake.
The State portal's district directory lists Imphal-West along with Bishnupur, Chandel, Churachandpur, Imphal-East, Senapati, Tamenglong, Thoubal, Ukhrul, Kangpokpi, Tengnoupal, Pherzawl, Noney, Kamjong, Jiribam and Kakching.
Area of Imphal West district:
519.00
Population of the district:
5,17,992
Density of population, district (persons per sq km):
998
Percentage urban population, district:
62.33
Sex ratio, district (females per 1000 males):
1,031
Average annual rainfall, district:
1259.5 mm
Why it matters for exams: Which district holds a state capital, and how a valley district's density and urban share differ from the state average, are recurring map-and-table questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Sex ratio Number of females per 1000 males — Imphal West records 1,031 against the state's 985.
Manipur valley The central plain of Manipur, as distinct from the surrounding hills — Imphal West is described as falling in the category of the Manipur valley region.
Background
The Government of Manipur's own At a Glance page says the name Manipur literally means "A jeweled land", and records that Jawaharlal Nehru described the state as the "Jewel of India".
Manipur came under British rule as a princely state after its defeat in the Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891.
The princely state was merged in the Indian Union in 1949 and became a full-fledged State of India in 1972, with a Legislative Assembly of 60 seats.
The page's table gives the area as 22327 sq.km, the Capital as Imphal and the State Language as Manipuri.
The listed symbols are State Emblem Kangla Shaa, State Bird Nongyeen, State Animal Sangai, State Game Manipuri Polo and State Flower Siroi Lily.
Assembly Constituencies are given as 60 and Parliamentary Constituencies as 2 (One for Inner and One for Outer).
Imphal's altitude is given as 790 mtrs. above MSL and the average rainfall as 1467.5 mm.
Scheduled Tribes recognised by Government are listed as 33.
Area:
22327 sq.km
Capital:
Imphal
State Animal:
Sangai
State Flower:
Siroi Lily
State Game:
Manipuri Polo
Parliamentary Constituencies:
2 (One for Inner and One for Outer)
Altitude:
790 mtrs. above MSL (Imphal)
Why it matters for exams: State symbols, the statehood sequence and the seat structure of a North-Eastern state are standard one-mark questions in Kerala PSC and UPSC prelims.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
MSL Mean Sea Level — The reference level from which the altitude of a place is measured.
Sangai Brow-antlered deer, the State Animal of Manipur — The deer the State portal lists as Manipur's State Animal.
Kangla Shaa The State Emblem of Manipur — The emblem listed for the state on the official At a Glance table.
9 October 2026
Tripura State Election Commissioner P.K. Chakraborty chaired a high-level meeting at the State Guest House to prepare for the urban local body elections, including the Agartala Municipal Corporation. Director General (In-Charge) G.S. Rao, the Inspector General of Police (Law and Order), District Magistrates and Superintendents of Police attended. The terms of the existing bodies end around 9 December, so the State Election Commission must conduct the polls. The Urban Development Department has finalised the polling station list. Final publication of the electoral roll revisions is set for 15 October. UNI reported in September that the commission had recommended 784 polling stations across the 21 urban local bodies in its draft notification.
Urban local bodies:
21
Term of existing bodies ends:
9 December
Final electoral roll publication:
15 October
State Election Commissioner:
P.K. Chakraborty
Why it matters for exams: State Election Commissions run local body polls, and the number of bodies, term end and roll dates are typical state-affairs facts.
Kerala PSCUPSC
9 October 2026
Senate President Davi Alcolumbre scheduled the first-round vote on PEC 221/2019 in the Senate plenary for Wednesday.
The proposal, already approved by the Câmara dos Deputados, reduces the working week to 40 hours without any cut in pay.
It is under discussion in the Senate plenary, with sessions held on 6, 7 and 8 October.
The rapporteur, Senator Omar Aziz of the PSD from Amazonas, rejected all 36 amendments filed up to that point.
Under Senate rules a proposed constitutional amendment needs five discussion sessions before the first-round vote and three more before the second-round vote.
Senators may still file amendments in the plenary.
Proposal:
PEC 221/2019
Working week after change:
40 hours
Amendments rejected by rapporteur:
36
Discussion sessions needed before first-round vote:
5
Why it matters for exams: It shows how a constitutional amendment moves through Brazil's two-chamber Congress and names the working-hours change at stake.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
PEC Proposta de Emenda à Constituição — A proposed amendment to Brazil's Constitution, which must pass two rounds of voting in each house of Congress.
6x1 scale six days of work followed by one day of rest — A shift pattern common in Brazilian retail and services that the amendment seeks to end.
9 October 2026
Medida Provisória nº 1.395, de 8 de outubro de 2026 opens extraordinary credit of R$ 7.520.000.000,00 in favour of the Ministério de Minas e Energia.
Of that amount, R$ 6.170.000.000,00 is for an economic subsidy for the production and import of road-use diesel oil, under Medida Provisória nº 1.363, de 2026.
The remaining R$ 1.350.000.000,00 is for an economic subsidy for the production and import of petroleum-derived fuels, under Medida Provisória nº 1.358, de 2026.
Both subsidies are carried in the budget unit of the Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP).
The measure takes effect on the date of its publication, and the official text notes publication in the Diário Oficial da União of 9.10.2026.
The Senate's own news service recorded the release as R$ 7,52 bilhões for fuel subsidies.
Total extraordinary credit:
R$ 7.520.000.000,00
For road diesel subsidy:
R$ 6.170.000.000,00
For petroleum-derived fuels:
R$ 1.350.000.000,00
Beneficiary ministry:
Ministério de Minas e Energia
Why it matters for exams: It is a clear example of a government using a provisional measure to open extraordinary credit for fuel subsidies, a recurring economy and governance theme.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Medida Provisória Provisional Measure — An act with the force of law issued by Brazil's President in cases of urgency, which Congress must later confirm.
ANP Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis — Brazil's regulator for oil, natural gas and biofuels.
DOU Diário Oficial da União — Brazil's official federal gazette, where laws and measures are published.
9 October 2026
Deputy Commissioner, Tseminyu, Japheth Woch, NCS, notified firecracker restrictions within Tseminyu District with immediate effect, in compliance with Supreme Court directions.
Sale and use of firecrackers other than Green Crackers certified by NEER/CSIR and bearing a QR code is strictly prohibited.
Manufacturing, sale and use of firecrackers containing Barium salts and joined firecrackers, called Laris, is completely banned.
Bursting is permitted only from 8:00 PM to 10:00 PM on Diwali and other festivals, and from 11:55 PM to 12:30 AM on Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve.
No temporary licence for sale of firecrackers will be issued without verification of Green Crackers certification.
Bursting within 100 metres of hospitals, nursing homes, educational institutions, primary health centres, courts and other designated Silent Zones is prohibited.
Violations will attract penal action under Section 223 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and relevant provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
District:
Tseminyu, Nagaland
Diwali bursting window:
8:00 PM to 10:00 PM
Silent Zone radius:
100 metres
Penal provision:
Section 223, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Why it matters for exams: Green cracker rules, barium salt bursting bans and the 100-metre silent zone come straight from Supreme Court directions that districts across India now enforce.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
BNS Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita — The criminal code that replaced the Indian Penal Code in 2024.
CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research — The central research body whose laboratories certify green cracker formulations.
9 October 2026
The Kerala Public Service Commission published Ranked List 726/2026/SS II for the post of High School Teacher (Hindi) in the Education Department, Thiruvananthapuram, against Category No. 604/2024, effective from 09/10/2026.
On the same date the Commission published Ranked List 725/2026/SS II for High School Teacher (Social Science), Malayalam Medium, in the Education Department, Thiruvananthapuram, against Category No. 024/2025.
The Commission also published Probability List No. 12/2026/DOR for the post of Last Grade Servants, restricted to ex-servicemen, in the NCC and Sainik Welfare Department, Thrissur, against Category No. 410/2025; that list is a first NCA (No Candidate Available) list for the Hindu Nadar community.
A ranked list of the Commission takes effect from the date shown against it and appointments are advised from that list in the order of rank, subject to the rules of reservation.
A probability list is an earlier stage: it lists candidates who are likely to be included and is not itself a list from which appointments are advised.
The lists are notified on the Commission's own website under its Latest listing, each carrying a ranked list number, the post, the department, the district or statewide scope, and the category number of the original notification.
HST (Hindi) ranked list:
726/2026/SS II, Cat. No. 604/2024
HST (Social Science) ranked list:
725/2026/SS II, Cat. No. 024/2025
Probability list:
12/2026/DOR, Last Grade Servants (Ex-Servicemen Only), 1st NCA for Hindu Nadar, Cat. No. 410/2025
Effective from:
09/10/2026
Why it matters for exams: Kerala PSC aspirants are tested on how the Commission numbers its lists and on the difference between a ranked list and a probability list.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
PSC Public Service Commission — The constitutional body that recruits for state government posts in Kerala.
HST High School Teacher — A teaching post in government high schools, filled through PSC ranked lists.
NCC National Cadet Corps — The youth military training organisation; Kerala groups it with the Sainik Welfare Department.
9 October 2026
Sotsula, IAS, Commissioner and Secretary of the Department of Under Developed Areas (DUDA), is the Electoral Roll Observer for Kohima district.
She reviewed the progress and implementation of the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Electoral Rolls 2026 at the Conference Hall of the Deputy Commissioner, Kohima, on October 9, 2026.
She stressed adherence to the SIR schedule and asked election officials to discharge their duties impartially and transparently.
Political agents were asked to keep records of transfers, deaths, new enrolments and other changes in the rolls.
The Assistant Electoral Officer, Kohima, presented the status report, and it was informed that hearings would be conducted only in exceptional cases.
Booth Level Agents were urged to help resolve pending cases during the claims and objections and notice phases.
The meeting was attended by Electoral Registration Officers, Assistant Electoral Registration Officers, BLO Supervisors and representatives of recognised political parties.
Observer:
Sotsula, IAS, Commissioner & Secretary, DUDA
Date of review:
October 9, 2026
Venue:
Conference Hall, Deputy Commissioner, Kohima
Why it matters for exams: The Special Intensive Revision of electoral rolls is a live Election Commission exercise, and the ERO-AERO-BLO machinery it runs on is standard polity material.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
SIR Special Intensive Revision — A house-to-house revision of electoral rolls ordered by the Election Commission of India.
ERO Electoral Registration Officer — The officer responsible for preparing and revising the electoral roll of an assembly constituency.
DUDA Department of Under Developed Areas — A Nagaland government department that handles development of the state's under developed areas.
9 October 2026
Justice Jobin Sebastian decided Prasad Mahendragiri v. State of Kerala and Another, Crl.MC No. 1240 of 2026, with neutral citation 2026:KER:71105.
The sole accused had moved the High Court under Section 528 of the BNSS to quash a case registered at Kalpetta under Sections 354A(1)(iv), 294(b), 506(ii) and 509 of the IPC.
The Court held that mere obscene words or general abuse directed at a woman do not by themselves make out the offence of sexual harassment under Section 354A(1)(iv), which needs a specific allegation of a sexually coloured remark.
It quashed the proceedings under Section 354A(1)(iv).
On Section 294(b), the Court said whether the words were obscene and whether they could create impure thoughts in the audience can be decided only after trial.
On Section 509, it held that intention to insult the modesty of a woman is an essential ingredient and is a matter of evidence.
On Section 506(ii), the allegation that the accused threatened to kill while showing a machete prima facie made out the ingredients, so that charge survives.
The petition was allowed in part, and the remaining charges will be tried before the Chief Judicial Magistrate Court.
Charge quashed:
Section 354A(1)(iv) IPC
Charges that survive:
Sections 294(b), 506(ii) and 509 IPC
Neutral citation:
2026:KER:71105
Judge:
Justice Jobin Sebastian
Why it matters for exams: The ingredients of Section 354A IPC and the quashing power under Section 528 BNSS are frequently asked in legal awareness sections.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
BNSS Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 — The criminal procedure code that replaced the CrPC; its Section 528 corresponds to the old Section 482.
9 October 2026
The UN human rights office, OHCHR, said on Friday that Israeli military incursions into southern Syria are intensifying, with some 280 incidents recorded in September alone. That is the highest monthly figure this year. The incidents include raids on homes, restrictions on movement, harassment of civilians and arbitrary detention. OHCHR spokesperson Shabia Mantoo said 49 Syrians are believed to remain in Israeli custody, a figure the office said has not been independently verified. Former detainees have described detention lasting over a year in some cases, with no reasons given and transfers to unknown facilities. On Monday a 22-year-old man from Jaba town in Quneitra governorate was killed by Israeli forces near Al-Hamidiyah while walking at night; no warning shots are known to have been fired. On Wednesday a farmer with a disability was shot in the leg during an incursion in northern Quneitra, then detained while bleeding and released an hour and a half later. UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk called for a prompt and impartial investigation into the killing and urged Israel to stop harassing civilians.
Incidents in September:
some 280
Syrians believed in custody:
49
Governorate most affected:
Quneitra
Why it matters for exams: OHCHR monitoring figures and the role of the High Commissioner are recurring questions on the UN human rights machinery.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
OHCHR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights — The UN office in Geneva that monitors and reports on human rights worldwide.