National Science Science & Technology

Gaganyaan: India's human spaceflight mission

ISRO describes Gaganyaan as the demonstration of human spaceflight capability by launching a crew of 3 members to an orbit of 400 km for a 3 days mission and bringing them back safely to Earth. The launch vehicle is the Human Rated LVM3 (HLVM3), re-configured to meet human rating requirements. The Crew Module is a pressurised, double-walled habitable space with an Earth-like environment. The Service Module is unpressurised and supports the Crew Module while in orbit. Landing is planned in Indian sea waters.

Crew: 3 Orbit altitude: 400 km Mission duration: 3 days Launch vehicle: Human Rated LVM3 (HLVM3)
Why it matters for exams: Gaganyaan is ISRO's flagship human spaceflight programme and a recurring topic in science and current affairs.
Kerala PSCUPSC
1 October 2026 Source: ISRO Updated 2 October 2026