Background
The Thirteenth Schedule to the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 (No. 6 of 2014) lists the institutions and infrastructure to be developed in the successor State of Andhra Pradesh, and section 93 of the Act is the provision under which they are outlined. One of them is a Central Tribal University. The Union Cabinet approved an amendment to the Central Universities Act, 2009 for setting up a Central Tribal University in Andhra Pradesh, and the "Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh" is to be set up in Relli village of Vizianagaram District as provided under the Thirteenth Schedule. The Cabinet also approved a provision of Rs. 420 crore for the first phase expenditure towards establishing it.
Village:
Relli village
District:
Vizianagaram District
First phase provision:
Rs. 420 crore
Act amended:
Central Universities Act, 2009
Enabling Act:
Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 (No. 6 of 2014)
Schedule that provides for it:
Thirteenth Schedule
Why it matters for exams: The Thirteenth Schedule institutions promised to Andhra Pradesh are standard polity questions, and the district and village named for the Central Tribal University are the detail a paper tests.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSC
In plain words
Thirteenth Schedule — The schedule of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act that lists institutions and infrastructure to be developed in the State.
Central university — A university set up by an Act of Parliament and funded by the Union government.
Background
The Minicoy Island is the southern-most island of Lakshadweep, situated at a distance of 398 km (215 nautical miles) south-west of Kochi, having an area of 4.80 sq km, and it is 11 km long and crescent shaped.
It is the second largest island of the territory. The closest land to Minicoy is Thuraakunu Island in the Republic of the Maldives, which the Administration records as about 100 km to the south across the Vangaaru Channel.
The languages spoken are Hindi, English, Malayalam and Mahal, and the Administration describes Minicoy as the only people in India speaking Mahal, as a linguistic minority.
The island is organised into 10 villages known as 'Avah', named Bada, Aoumagu, Boduathiri, Rammedu, Sedivalu, Aloodi, Funhilol, Kudehi, Falessery and Kendiparty from south to north. Each Avah has its own internal organisation headed by a Moopan, and each village is headed by a Bodukaka and a Bodudatha, the first Bodukaka looking after internal matters and the second external affairs.
The village house is where the 'Baemedu', the assemblage of villagers, is held.
'Lava' is the most popular dance form on Minicoy, where the rest of the territory's popular folk arts are Kolkali and Parichakali, and the colourful race boat of the island is the 'Jahadhoni'.
The lighthouse of the island is one of the oldest and was constructed in 1885. The Administration's island-at-a-glance table gives Minicoy a population of 10447 at the 2011 census and a literacy rate of 93.01.
Total geographical area:
4.80 sq km
Distance from Kochi:
398 km (215 nautical miles)
Villages known as Avah:
10
Population (2011):
10447
Literacy rate:
93.01
Why it matters for exams: Minicoy is the one island of Lakshadweep that is culturally and linguistically distinct from the rest, and the Mahal language and the Avah village system are the facts papers use to test whether that distinction is understood rather than memorised.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSC
In plain words
Avah Avah — A traditional village of Minicoy, each with its own village house and office-bearers.
Mahal Mahal — The language of Minicoy, written by the Lakshadweep Administration as Mahal.
Linguistic minority Linguistic minority — A community whose mother tongue is different from that of most people in the state or territory.
Baemedu Baemedu — The assemblage of villagers held in the village house of an Avah in Minicoy.
4 October 2026
The Central University of Kerala at Kasaragod is holding a two-day seminar marking 150 years of Vande Mataram on October 6 and 7.
The seminar is organised with the Sahitya Akademi and the Akhil Bharatiya Sahitya Parishad, in the university library hall.
The keynote address is listed for Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh pracharak J. Nandakumar.
The student organisations SFI, NSUI and MSF submitted written objections to Vice-Chancellor Siddhi P. Alagoor.
The student leaders said they had no objection to marking the anniversary itself.
Governor Rajendra Arlekar is listed to visit the campus on October 7.
Seminar dates:
October 6 and 7, 2026
Anniversary:
150 years of Vande Mataram
Why it matters for exams: The 150th anniversary of Vande Mataram and the identity of the Central University of Kerala are both likely one-mark questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Sahitya Akademi Sahitya Akademi — India's national academy of letters, which promotes writing in the recognised Indian languages.
4 October 2026
Lieutenant Governor Dr. Dinesh Sharma inspected the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS) at Corbyn's Cove, Sri Vijaya Puram, on 3 October 2026.
He directed that construction of Wing-A, Wing-B and Wing-C of the Science Building be expedited without compromising quality or the timeline.
He ordered repair of the non-functional mess chimney and procurement of a DG set of appropriate capacity through a transparent process.
He also asked for gymnasium equipment to be arranged for students and directed the Andaman Public Works Department to ensure adequate water supply through a check dam or storage tank.
The inspection covered the newly constructed Academic Building, the hostel and the mess. Dr. Sachin Shinde, Commissioner-cum-Secretary (Health), Ms. Vandana Rao, Secretary (Health), Dr. Mukesh Tripathi, Director, ANIIMS, and Ms. Purva Garg, Deputy Commissioner, South Andaman, were present.
Institute:
ANIIMS, Corbyn's Cove, Sri Vijaya Puram
Wings to be expedited:
Wing-A, Wing-B and Wing-C of the Science Building
Date of inspection:
3 October 2026
Why it matters for exams: ANIIMS is the Union Territory's own medical institute, and questions on island institutions and the administrator's review powers are common.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
ANIIMS Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences — The medical college and institute of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, located at Sri Vijaya Puram.
DG set Diesel generator set — A standby generator that supplies electricity when the regular supply fails.
4 October 2026
The syndicate of the University of Kerala has prepared the draft Kerala University (Students' Code of Conduct) Regulations, 2026, which would restrict political activity on its campuses.
The draft would prohibit students from engaging in political activity, from organising gatherings for political purposes, and from taking part in strikes based on political ideology.
It would also bar the use of digital platforms to incite, organise or propagate political activities.
Penalties in the draft run to fines, suspension of up to 30 days and dismissal, with fines of up to one lakh rupees on political organisations for repeat offences.
The university says the draft aims at discipline and that it remains open to discussion. The Kerala University Employees' Union has opposed the regulations.
The draft comes in a year in which the Students' Federation of India won 62 of the 71 unions where elections were held in colleges affiliated to the Kerala and Kannur universities.
Draft title:
Kerala University (Students' Code of Conduct) Regulations, 2026
Maximum suspension in the draft:
Up to 30 days
Maximum fine on organisations for repeat offences:
Up to ₹1 lakh
Unions won by SFI, Kerala and Kannur university colleges:
62 of 71
Body that prepared the draft:
The university syndicate
Why it matters for exams: University governance in Kerala, the syndicate's powers and the figures in a draft regulation are all usable question material.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
Syndicate Syndicate of a university — The executive body of a university in Kerala, which frames and approves regulations.
SFI Students' Federation of India — A students' organisation active on Kerala campuses.
Background
Background: Panjab University is the main university of the Union Territory, set beside today's Chandigarh news on education and skills.
It was established in 1882 as the University of Punjab at Lahore, now in Pakistan.
It functions under the Panjab University Act VII of 1947, enacted by the Government of India.
The North Campus is in Sector 14 and the South Campus in Sector 25, together covering 550 acres.
It has 74 teaching and research departments, 15 centres and chairs and 202 affiliated colleges.
Campuses:
Sector 14 and Sector 25
Area:
550 acres
Departments:
74
Affiliated colleges:
202
Why it matters for exams: Institutions of Chandigarh and their origins before Partition are a recurring general-knowledge topic.
Kerala PSCUPSC
4 October 2026
The Kerala government has put implementation of the PM SHRI (Pradhan Mantri Schools for Rising India) scheme on hold, Onmanorama reported on 4 October 2026. A four-member Cabinet subcommittee headed by Education Minister N Shamsudeen is examining the scheme. The memorandum of understanding (MoU) was signed by the previous LDF government. Education Minister Shamsudeen has said the state cannot withdraw from it, and the government aims to implement it with conditions safeguarding the state's interests. The Muslim League leadership, meeting at Vazhayur on 3 October, advised against a hasty decision.
Cabinet subcommittee:
Four members, headed by Education Minister N Shamsudeen
MoU signed by:
Previous LDF government
Why it matters for exams: Centrally sponsored education schemes and Centre-state MoUs are recurring UPSC and Kerala PSC topics.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
PM SHRI Pradhan Mantri Schools for Rising India — A centrally sponsored scheme to develop selected schools as model institutions under the National Education Policy.
MoU Memorandum of Understanding — A written agreement recording the terms two parties have agreed.
Background
Pondicherry University is a Central University established by an Act of Parliament in October 1985.
It is an affiliating university, with jurisdiction over the Union Territory of Puducherry, Lakshwadeep and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Its objectives include making provisions for studies in French and integrated courses in Humanities and the Sciences.
The motto is 'Vers la lumière', meaning 'towards the light'.
The main campus is at Kalapet, 10 kms from the town of Puducherry, spread over 800 acres beside the Bay of Bengal; it also has campuses at Karaikal and Port Blair.
Status:
Central University (Act of Parliament)
Main campus:
Kalapet, 800 acres
Motto:
Vers la lumière
Other campuses:
Karaikal, Port Blair
Why it matters for exams: Central universities, their jurisdiction and campuses are standard education and polity facts; the French link follows from Puducherry's history.
Kerala PSCUPSC
Background
Bihar has a bicameral legislature: besides the Legislative Assembly it has a Legislative Council.
Part of the Council is filled from constituencies whose electorate is made up of teachers, and from constituencies whose electorate is made up of graduates.
The Office of the Chief Electoral Officer, Bihar prepares the electoral rolls of the teachers' constituencies Patna Teachers, Tirhut Teachers, Darbhanga Teachers and Saran Teachers.
It also prepares the rolls of the graduates' constituencies Patna Graduates', Tirhut Graduates', Darbhanga Graduates' and Kosi Graduates'.
For an election from the Teachers' Constituencies of the Bihar Legislative Council, the State specifies by notification all educational institutions within the State which are not below the level of secondary school, under clause (v) of sub-section (3) of Section 27 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950.
The rolls of these constituencies are prepared afresh with reference to a stated qualifying date rather than revised continuously.
Notices on the rolls of these constituencies are issued by the officer described as ERO cum Commissioner, and a claim for inclusion of a name is made in the prescribed form.
Teachers' constituencies named on the rolls:
Patna Teachers, Tirhut Teachers, Darbhanga Teachers and Saran Teachers
Graduates' constituencies named on the rolls:
Patna Graduates', Tirhut Graduates', Darbhanga Graduates' and Kosi Graduates'
Statute under which institutions are specified:
Representation of the People Act, 1950
Minimum level of an eligible institution:
not below the level of secondary school
Officer issuing notices on these rolls:
ERO cum Commissioner
Why it matters for exams: The Legislative Council is one of the few state upper houses, and how its teachers' and graduates' members are chosen is asked often.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
ERO Electoral Registration Officer — The officer responsible for preparing and correcting the electoral roll of a constituency.
Qualifying date Qualifying date — The date with reference to which a person's eligibility to be enrolled as a voter is judged.
3 October 2026
Wildlife Week is observed from October 2 to October 8 each year.
The district-level closing ceremony and prize distribution for Malappuram were held at the Government College, Malappuram.
The Social Forestry wing of the Kerala Forest Department organised the district programmes.
Divisional Forest Officer G. Dhanik Lal and Range Forest Officer P. K. Mujib Rahman addressed the gathering.
The stated aim of the week is to carry conservation messages to the general public.
Competitions for students were held across the district as part of the week.
Wildlife Week:
October 2 to October 8
Organising wing:
Social Forestry, Kerala Forest Department
Why it matters for exams: The dates of Wildlife Week and the wings of the Kerala Forest Department are repeatedly asked in environment sections.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Social Forestry Social Forestry wing — The wing of the Forest Department that works on tree planting and awareness outside reserved forests.
DFO Divisional Forest Officer — The officer in charge of a forest division.
3 October 2026
The second phase of the 'Samagra 2026' programme of the State Backward Classes Development Corporation was inaugurated at the Parali convention centre, Palakkad.
Loans of various kinds worth Rs 100 crore were handed over to beneficiaries at the launch.
Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes Welfare Minister K. A. Tulasi inaugurated the programme.
The Minister said steps are moving ahead to arrange special post-matric hostel facilities for students of backward communities.
The hostels are proposed at district headquarters and in the State capital.
The Minister said the matter had been discussed with the Union Minister and with officials of the national corporation.
Loans distributed:
Rs 100 crore
Programme:
Samagra 2026, second phase
Why it matters for exams: The State Backward Classes Development Corporation and its loan programmes are standard Kerala PSC welfare-administration topics.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
Post-matric hostel Post-matriculation hostel — A hostel for students continuing study after Class 10, run for students of notified communities.
3 October 2026
A PIB Backgrounder marks one year of PM-SETU (Pradhan Mantri Skilling and Employability Transformation through Upgraded ITIs), launched on 4 October 2025 and completing a year on 4 October 2026. The scheme upgrades 1,000 Government ITIs through a Hub-and-Spoke model and augments five NSTIs through National Centres of Excellence. Its total outlay is ₹60,000 crore: ₹30,000 crore from the Centre, ₹20,000 crore from States and ₹10,000 crore from industry. Progress so far includes identification of 850 ITIs and approval of 14 ITI clusters.
Total outlay:
₹60,000 crore
Industry share:
₹10,000 crore
ITIs identified:
850
ITI clusters approved:
14
Why it matters for exams: Skilling schemes with their outlays and funding splits are standard questions in scheme-based papers.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
ITI Industrial Training Institute — A vocational institute offering trades under the Craftsmen Training Scheme.
NSTI National Skill Training Institute — A national-level skill training institute, five of which the scheme upgrades.
3 October 2026
Chief Secretary Ashish Kundra inspected facilities for the IIM Jammu satellite campus in Leh on 29 September 2026. The Directorate of ULB building at Agling is the main campus location, and the Youth Hostel at Skara Yokma was checked for student accommodation. The campus will offer a four-year BBA (Honours) programme starting in October 2026 with an initial cohort of 60 students. About 600 candidates have expressed interest in the seats. The aim stated is wider access to management education for Ladakh's youth.
Programme:
four-year BBA (Honours)
Initial cohort:
60 students
Candidates who expressed interest:
about 600
Starts:
October 2026
Why it matters for exams: Higher-education access in a UT and the IIM network are routine education-section items.
Kerala PSCUPSC
3 October 2026
The Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, has approved five Centres of Excellence for studies in Classical Assamese, Classical Bengali, Classical Marathi, Classical Pali and Classical Prakrit. They will be set up at Tezpur University (Assam), Visva-Bharati University (West Bengal), Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, Pune (Maharashtra), Central University of Odisha and Central University of Gujarat. The Centres will focus on research, preservation and digitisation of literary heritage, wider dissemination of knowledge and strengthening regional academic ecosystems.
Centres approved:
5
States covered:
Assam, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Odisha, Gujarat
Why it matters for exams: Classical Languages status and institutions backing it are recurring questions in culture and education papers.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Centre of Excellence Centre of Excellence (CoE) — A dedicated institutional platform for advanced research in one field.
3 October 2026
Thousands of students protesting over education standards have disrupted more than 700 schools across France.
Justice Minister Gérald Darmanin said 735 of France's 3,700 schools were affected, and Interior Minister Laurent Nuñez said 1,747 people were arrested on Friday 2 October.
The protests began the previous week in Paris and spread to cities including Montpellier, Nantes and Marseille.
Pupils object to a lack of teachers, overcrowded classrooms and run-down buildings.
The education ministry said at least 65 staff members were injured; Education Minister Édouard Geffray said the movement had been hijacked by non-students.
Schools affected:
735 of 3,700
Arrests on Friday:
1,747
Staff injured:
at least 65
Why it matters for exams: Youth protests and public-order responses in France are a standard current-affairs topic on European politics.
Kerala PSCUPSC
3 October 2026
On the evening of Thursday, 1 October, sudden rain and strong winds dislodged tin roofing at the Thrissur Aquatic Complex during a swimming relay at the State School Games, injuring five student athletes.
The Kerala State Commission for Protection of Child Rights registered a suo motu case and sought explanations from the Director of General Education, the Thrissur District Police Chief, the Deputy Director of Education, Thrissur, and the District Child Protection Officer.
General Education Minister N Shamsudheen directed the Director of General Education to conduct a detailed inquiry and submit a report.
The Sports Council says the Education Department did not seek permission for the temporary roofing and did not stop the event after the first lightning strike; the General Education Department says the organisers acted promptly when the weather worsened.
The swimming events have been postponed, with a new date and venue to be fixed.
Venue:
Thrissur Aquatic Complex
Student athletes injured:
five
Case registered by:
Kerala State Commission for Protection of Child Rights
Inquiry directed by:
General Education Minister N Shamsudheen
Why it matters for exams: Statutory child-protection bodies and their suo motu powers are a regular Kerala PSC and polity topic.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
Suo motu — Action taken by a court or commission on its own, without a complaint being filed.
Background
The Embassy of India in Budapest records the celebration of 75 years of diplomatic relations between India and Hungary in November 2023.
Total bilateral trade in 2023 stood at USD 1208.9 million, with Indian exports of USD 780.1 million and imports of USD 428.8 million.
About 8700 Indians live in Hungary.
About 1200 Indian students study in universities in Budapest, Pecs, Szeged and Debrecen.
The Indian Cultural Centre in Budapest was renamed the Amrita Sher-Gil Cultural Centre on 15 August 2014.
Science and technology cooperation runs under two agreements, between the Indian National Science Academy and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and between India's Department of Science and Technology and the NIH under Hungary's Ministry for National Economy.
Total bilateral trade:
USD 1208.9 million
Indian exports:
USD 780.1 million
Indians in Hungary:
about 8700
Indian students:
about 1200
Cultural centre renamed:
Amrita Sher-Gil Cultural Centre, 15 August 2014
Why it matters for exams: India's bilateral relationship with a Country Focus state is asked directly, and the Amrita Sher-Gil link is a favourite art-and-diplomacy crossover.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Amrita Sher-Gil Amrita Sher-Gil — The painter born to an Indian father and a Hungarian mother, after whom India's cultural centre in Budapest is named.
Background
The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) stands at Ansari Nagar, New Delhi - 110029. AIIMS records that “The health survey and development committee, chaired by Sir Joseph Bhore, an Indian Civil Servant, had in 1946 already recommended the establishment of a national medical centre which would concentrate on meeting the need for highly qualified manpower to look after the nation's expanding health care activities”. “A generous grant from New Zealand under the Colombo Plan made it possible to lay the foundation stone of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in 1952.” “The AIIMS was finally created in 1956, as an autonomous institution through an Act of Parliament, to serve as a nucleus for nurturing excellence in all aspect of health care.” It was “established as an institution of national importance by an Act of Parliament”, with the objects of developing patterns of undergraduate and postgraduate medical teaching, bringing educational facilities of the highest order together in one place, and attaining self-sufficiency in postgraduate medical education. As provided in the Act, AIIMS awards its own degrees. “Teaching and research are conducted in 42 disciplines”, and AIIMS reports “more than 600 research publications by its faculty and researchers in a year”. “Twenty-five clinical departments including four super specialty centers” handle patient care. AIIMS “also manages a 60-beded hospital in the Comprehensive Rural Health Centre at Ballabgarh in Haryana and provides health cover to about 2.5 lakh population through the Centre for Community Medicine”.
Chairman of the committee that recommended a national medical centre:
Sir Joseph Bhore
Plan under which the New Zealand grant came:
Colombo Plan
Year the foundation stone was laid:
1952
Disciplines in which teaching and research are conducted:
42 disciplines
Clinical departments and super specialty centres:
Twenty-five clinical departments including four super specialty centers
Rural hospital AIIMS manages at Ballabgarh:
60-beded hospital
Why it matters for exams: The Bhore Committee, the Colombo Plan grant and the status of an institution of national importance set up by an Act of Parliament are three separate syllabus points that meet in AIIMS New Delhi, which is why it is asked about in both health and polity sections.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSC
In plain words
institution of national importance status conferred by an Act of Parliament — A body created by Parliament that sets its own academic standards and grants its own degrees.
Colombo Plan cooperative plan for economic development in South and South-East Asia — An aid and technical cooperation arrangement among member countries, under which New Zealand's grant for AIIMS came.
Background
Kottayam, in central Kerala, is the administrative capital of Kottayam district and is also called Akshara Nagari, the city of letters.
The district is bordered by the Western Ghats on the east and the Vembanad Lake and the paddy fields of Kuttanad on the west, which has given it the title the land of letters, legends, latex and lakes.
Kottayam town was the first town in India to achieve 100% literacy, a feat achieved as early as in 1989.
English education in South India started at the Old Seminary at Kottayam in 1813.
The first printing press in Kerala, the CMS Press, was established there in 1821 by Rev. Benjamin Baily.
The first college in the State, CMS College, was started at Kottayam in 1840, and the first printed Malayalam-English and English-Malayalam dictionaries were published from Kottayam in 1846 and 1847 respectively.
The first and only cooperative society of writers, authors and publishers, the SPCS, was set up there in 1945.
Most of India's natural rubber originates from the plantations of Kottayam, which is also home to the Rubber Board.
Kottayam was the first town in India selected by the Ministry of Environment and Forests to be transformed as an Eco City, and the former President K. R. Narayanan hailed from the district.
First town in India with 100% literacy:
Kottayam, in 1989
First printing press in Kerala:
CMS Press, 1821
First college in the State:
CMS College, 1840
Dictionaries published from Kottayam:
1846 and 1847
Why it matters for exams: Kerala's firsts in printing, education and literacy are asked in almost every State-level general knowledge paper.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
SPCS Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society — The cooperative society of writers, authors and publishers set up at Kottayam.
Akshara Nagari Akshara Nagari — A Malayalam name meaning city of letters, used for Kottayam.
2 October 2026
The eight single-teacher schools, known as Multi Grade Learning Centres or MGLCs, that were still working in Kerala have been upgraded into government Lower Primary schools.
The upgrade was carried out as part of the government's first hundred-day programme.
General Education Minister N. Shamsudheen performed the State-level inauguration at the Melmuri alternative school at Kizhisseri in Malappuram, and Public Works Minister P.K. Basheer presided over the function.
The Minister said the system of single-teacher schools will no longer exist in the State and that all of these will work as fully equipped Lower Primary schools with modern facilities and teachers.
Five of the eight alternative schools are in Malappuram district, including Arimangalam, Thanur Kalamthuruthi, Wandoor Arimanal and Mancheri Tharikulam; the others are Aloor in Kasaragod, Kurathikudi in Idukki and Kalanki in Kannur, all in backward, hill and tribal areas.
The Minister said classrooms, a headmaster's room and the required teaching posts will be ensured in all these schools.
He said work is progressing to bring smart classroom facilities to 6,000 Lower Primary and Upper Primary schools in the State through 'Digital Square' and to include artificial intelligence and robotics in the high school curriculum.
He said about ten thousand students were given the chance to continue their studies by sanctioning 120 additional Plus One batches in Malabar along with special orders, and that the norm for a physical education teacher's post has been reduced from 500 students to 300.
Schools upgraded:
8
In Malappuram district:
5
Smart classroom target:
6,000 LP and UP schools
Additional Plus One batches in Malabar:
120
Revised norm for physical education teacher post:
300 students
Why it matters for exams: The end of the MGLC system, the number of schools upgraded and the districts involved are exactly the kind of education-policy facts Kerala PSC asks.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
MGLC Multi Grade Learning Centre — A single-teacher school in which children of several classes learn together.
LP school Lower Primary school — A school covering classes one to four in Kerala.
Hundred-day programme Hundred-day programme — A set of targets a government commits to completing in its first hundred days.