8 October 2026
The Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA) on Thursday upheld the Cauvery Water Regulation Committee (CWRC) direction to Karnataka.
Karnataka must ensure release of 3,000 cusecs a day to Tamil Nadu for 15 days, starting at 8 a.m. on October 9.
The release is to be ensured at the Biligundlu inter-State gauge and adds up to 3.88 tmcft.
Karnataka said it could not release more, citing a 54% deficit in cumulative inflows to its four Cauvery basin reservoirs and the need to protect drinking water.
Tamil Nadu said water for its samba crop had been delayed by 81 days.
Daily release:
3,000 cusecs
Duration:
15 days
Total:
3.88 tmcft
Measured at:
Biligundlu inter-State gauge
Why it matters for exams: Inter-State river water disputes, the Cauvery tribunal award and the CWMA are standard polity and geography topics.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
CWMA Cauvery Water Management Authority — The Centre-constituted body that oversees implementation of the Cauvery tribunal award as modified by the Supreme Court.
CWRC Cauvery Water Regulation Committee — The committee that recommends the periodic release schedule to the CWMA.
Cusec Cubic feet per second — A unit of water flow rate.
8 October 2026
The Commissioner of Metro Railway Safety (CMRS), Southern Circle, V. Venkatasubramanian, completed a three-day statutory inspection of Namma Metro's elevated Pink Line.
The 7.5-km stretch between Kalena Agrahara and Tavarekere has six stations: Kalena Agrahara, Hulimavu, IIM-B, JP Nagar 4th Phase, Jayadeva Hospital and Tavarekere.
On the final day the team inspected the Operations Control Centre at Baiyappanahalli.
Authorisation to open will be issued subject to BMRCL complying with the observations and conditions stipulated.
Once opened, the network will grow from 96.10 km to 103.60 km.
Stretch:
Kalena Agrahara to Tavarekere
Length:
7.5 km
Stations:
6
Network after opening:
103.60 km
Why it matters for exams: The role of the CMRS and the steps before a metro line opens are useful for infrastructure and governance questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
CMRS Commissioner of Metro Railway Safety — The statutory authority whose clearance is needed before a metro section opens to passengers.
BMRCL Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Limited — The company that builds and runs Namma Metro.
RDSO Research Designs and Standards Organisation — The Railways body that issues speed certificates for rolling stock.
8 October 2026
The Karnataka School Examination and Assessment Board (KSEAB) announced the tentative schedule of annual exam-1 and exam-2 of 2026-27 on Thursday.
II PU annual exam-1 will run from February 27 to March 17, 2027, and exam-2 from May 3 to 15, 2027.
SSLC annual exam-1 will run from March 22 to April 5, 2027, and exam-2 from May 24 to 31, 2027.
II PU papers are held from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.; SSLC papers from 10 a.m. to 1.15 p.m.
The board gave 15 days for objections, to be submitted by October 22 by email.
II PU exam-1:
February 27 to March 17, 2027
II PU exam-2:
May 3 to 15, 2027
SSLC exam-1:
March 22 to April 5, 2027
SSLC exam-2:
May 24 to 31, 2027
Objections by:
October 22
Why it matters for exams: State school-examination reforms such as two annual exams are common in education and state current affairs questions.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
KSEAB Karnataka School Examination and Assessment Board — The State board that conducts the SSLC and II PU examinations.
8 October 2026
Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA) Chief Commissioner Maheshwar Rao spoke at the Mobility Symposium 2026, hosted by MoveInSync, on Thursday.
He said the aim is to bring closer to 3,000 more buses into the city and to improve footpaths and pedestrian access.
Deccan Herald reports the bus network carries around 4.4 million passengers and the Metro about one million daily.
He urged employers and tech parks to encourage employees to use buses and the Metro through incentives.
He also called for a long-term approach to urban drainage and outlined preliminary plans to identify locations for public heat shelters.
Buses planned:
Nearly 3,000 more
Bus riders:
Around 4.4 million
Metro riders:
About one million
Why it matters for exams: The Greater Bengaluru Authority replaced the BBMP model of city governance, so urban-governance questions on it are likely.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
GBA Greater Bengaluru Authority — The civic authority for Bengaluru that replaced the BBMP.
8 October 2026
The Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) announced final results of the third round of seat allotment for medical and dental courses.
11,354 medical seats were allotted and 656 remain vacant, all in the management quota; an extended counselling round will follow.
All dental seats have been filled.
For 2026-27 there are 76 medical colleges (25 government, 51 private) with 15,745 seats.
The State has set aside 15% NRI quota in government medical colleges: 690 of 4,600 seats.
NRI quota fee in government colleges is around ₹25 lakh, against ₹44 lakh to ₹45.40 lakh in private colleges.
Medical seats allotted:
11,354
Seats vacant:
656
NRI seats in government colleges:
690 of 4,600
Total medical seats:
15,745
Why it matters for exams: Admission quotas and State health-education policy are regular topics in education and governance papers.
Kerala PSC
In plain words
KEA Karnataka Examinations Authority — The State body that conducts counselling and seat allotment for professional courses.
6 October 2026
Karnataka Chief Minister D K Shivakumar felicitated the State's Asian Games 2026 medal winners at Vidhana Soudha.
Gold now earns Rs 1 crore (earlier Rs 35 lakh), silver Rs 75 lakh (earlier Rs 25 lakh) and bronze Rs 50 lakh (earlier Rs 15 lakh).
The eight medallists get Rs 8 crore in total, and all 20 Karnataka participants get Rs 5 lakh each.
A 2 per cent reservation for sportspersons in direct recruitment was notified on October 3.
Asian Games and Commonwealth Games medallists are also eligible for direct recruitment to Group-B posts.
Gold reward:
Rs 1 crore
Silver reward:
Rs 75 lakh
Bronze reward:
Rs 50 lakh
Participation incentive:
Rs 5 lakh each
Sports quota in recruitment:
2 per cent
Why it matters for exams: State sports incentives and reservation in recruitment are typical sports and governance questions.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Direct recruitment Direct recruitment — Filling government posts by open selection rather than promotion.
Background
Kodagu (Coorg) lies on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats in south-western Karnataka and has a geographical area of 4,102 square kilometers (1,584 sq mi).
Madikeri is the district headquarters, and the district administration's taluk office lists five talukas: Madikeri, Somwarpet, Virajpet, Kushalnagar and Ponnampet.
It is bordered by Dakshina Kannada district to the northwest, Hassan district to the north and Mysore district to the east, and by Kannur district of Kerala to the southwest and Wayanad district of Kerala to the south.
Its lowest elevation is 900 metres (3,000 ft) above sea-level; the highest peak Tadiandamol rises to 1,750 metres (5,740 ft) and Pushpagiri, the second highest, to 1,715 meters (5,627 ft).
The main river is the Kaveri (Cauvery), which originates at Talakaveri on the eastern side of the Western Ghats and, with its tributaries, drains the greater part of Kodagu.
Paddy fields are found on the valley floors, with coffee and pepper agro-forestry in the surrounding hills; the most common plantation crop is coffee, especially the robusta variety.
The district has three wildlife sanctuaries, Brahmagiri, Talakaveri and Pushpagiri, and one national park, Nagarhole National Park, also known as the Rajiv Gandhi National Park.
Kodagu is home to the native speakers of the Kodava language.
Geographical area:
4,102 square kilometers (1,584 sq mi)
District headquarters:
Madikeri
Talukas:
Madikeri, Somwarpet, Virajpet, Kushalnagar and Ponnampet
Highest peak:
Tadiandamol, 1,750 metres (5,740 ft)
Population (as of 2001):
548,561, of which 13.74% urban
Why it matters for exams: Kodagu combines three staples of a state-focus paper in one district: the source of the Kaveri, a Kerala-border map question, and the coffee and pepper plantation belt.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Talakaveri Talakaveri — The spot on the eastern side of the Western Ghats in Kodagu at which the Kaveri river originates.
Agro-forestry Agro-forestry — A way of farming in which crops such as coffee and pepper are grown under and among trees rather than in cleared open fields.
Background
Mysuru city is the headquarters of Mysuru district, which covers an area of 6,307 Sq. Km. and had a population of 30,01,127 as per census 2011.
Mysuru is the name by which Karnataka State was known prior to 1973.
The city lies to the south-west of Bangalore at a distance of 139 Kms and has had a City Municipal Corporation since 1977.
Tradition identifies the place as the abode of Mahishasura whom Chamundesvari killed, and inscriptions speak of Mahishapura, Mahisurapura and Mahishasurapura.
The Buddhist texts Mahavamsa and Deepavamsa allude to the dispatch of the Buddhist missionary Mahadeva by the Mauryan emperor Asoka to Mahishamandala to propagate Buddhist Dharma.
An inscription dated 862 A.D. from Kadalur in Mandya taluk refers to the place as Maysooru, and in the 10th century the city was called Mysuru Nadu of 70 villages.
The region was governed by the Ganga Kings till the 10th century, and the Cholas, Hoysalas and Vijayanagara Kings also ruled over it; a large number of inscriptions and copper plates of the Wodeyar dynasty survive in Mysuru.
Mysuru city continues to be the venue of the Dasara festival, celebrated as a State festival, with cultural programmes at the Mysuru Palace and the Jagan Mohan palace and a torchlight parade at Banni Mantap; Chamundi hill forms the backdrop of the city.
District area:
6,307 Sq. Km.
Population (census 2011):
30,01,127
Distance from Bangalore:
139 Kms
Earliest inscription cited for the name:
862 A.D., from Kadalur in Mandya taluk
City Municipal Corporation since:
1977
Why it matters for exams: A state-focus paper mixes the toponymy of Mysuru, the Ganga-Hoysala-Vijayanagara succession and the Dasara venues into a single cluster of questions, so all three are worth holding together.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSC
In plain words
Mahishamandala Mahishamandala — An old regional name identified with the Mysuru region, to which a Buddhist missionary is said to have been sent in Mauryan times.
Wodeyar dynasty Wodeyar dynasty — The ruling house whose inscriptions and copper plates survive in large numbers in Mysuru.
Background
The National Tiger Conservation Authority lists five tiger reserves in Karnataka, grouped in its Southern Zone: Bandipur, Bhadra, Biligiri Ranganatha, Kali and Nagarhole.
Bandipur is the largest of the five, with a core area of 872.24 sq km and a buffer area of 584.06 sq km, a total area of 1456.3 sq km.
Nagarhole has a core area of 643.35 sq km and a buffer area of 562.41 sq km, a total of 1,205.76 sq km.
Kali has a core area of 814.88 sq km and a buffer area of 282.63 sq km, a total of 1,097.51 sq km.
Bhadra has a core area of 492.46 sq km and a buffer area of 571.83 sq km, a total of 1,064.29 sq km.
Biligiri Ranganatha Temple is the smallest of the five, with a core area of 359.10 sq km and a buffer area of 215.72 sq km, a total of 574.82 sq km.
Bandipur carries the earliest protected-area notification year among them, 1973-74, while Bhadra's is 1998-99.
Of the Authority's Southern Zone reserves, Mudumalai is in Tamil Nadu and Parambikulam in Kerala, while Sahyadri is a Maharashtra reserve that the Authority places in its Central Zone, so none of these three belongs to Karnataka.
Tiger reserves in Karnataka:
Bandipur, Bhadra, Biligiri Ranganatha, Kali, Nagarhole
Bandipur total area:
1456.3 sq km (core 872.24, buffer 584.06)
Nagarhole total area:
1,205.76 sq km (core 643.35, buffer 562.41)
Kali total area:
1,097.51 sq km (core 814.88, buffer 282.63)
Bhadra total area:
1,064.29 sq km (core 492.46, buffer 571.83)
Biligiri Ranganatha Temple total area:
574.82 sq km (core 359.10, buffer 215.72)
Why it matters for exams: Reserve-to-state matching and 'largest reserve in the state' are standard objective questions, and the core-buffer split is the figure most often tested alongside the name.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSC
In plain words
NTCA National Tiger Conservation Authority — The statutory body that maintains the national list of tiger reserves with their core and buffer areas.
Core area Core area — The strictly protected inner zone of a tiger reserve, around which a buffer area of lesser restriction is notified.
Background
The High Court of Karnataka sits at Bengaluru in the Attara Kacheri, on the green, sprawling lawns of Cubbon Park in the heart of the city.
It stands opposite the Vidhana Soudha, which houses the State Legislature and the Secretariat, and the road in between is named 'Ambedkar Veedhi' in honour of Dr. B.R.Ambedkar.
Any study of the judicial institutions in the State has to bear in mind three distinct territorial jurisdictions: the erstwhile Mysore State, the Bombay – Karnataka area and the Hyderabad – Karnataka area.
Added to these are the coastal areas of Karnataka, the Mangaluru region, and Coorg, which were part of erstwhile British India.
On re-organization all these distinct territorial jurisdictions were merged to form Mysore State, which was renamed as Karnataka on 1 November 1973.
Besides the principal seat, the High Court has a bench at Dharwad and a bench at Kalaburagi.
Cases arising from the districts of Bagalkot, Bellary, Belgaum, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, Uttara Kannada and Koppal are heard and decided at the Bench at Dharwad.
Cases arising from Bidar, Bijapur, Kalaburagi and Raichur are heard at the Bench at Kalaburagi; the permanent benches became operational at Dharwad on 24-08-2013 and at Kalaburagi on 31-08-2013.
Court building:
Attara Kacheri, Cubbon Park, Bengaluru
Benches besides the principal seat:
Dharwad and Kalaburagi
Permanent Bench at Dharwad operational:
24-08-2013
Permanent Bench at Kalaburagi operational:
31-08-2013
Mysore State renamed Karnataka:
1 November 1973
Why it matters for exams: State-judiciary questions turn on the name of the court building, the number and location of its benches, and the three pre-reorganisation jurisdictions that the State was assembled from.
Kerala PSCUPSC
In plain words
Attara Kacheri Attara Kacheri — The building on the lawns of Cubbon Park in Bengaluru that houses the High Court of Karnataka.
Vidhana Soudha Vidhana Soudha — The building opposite the High Court that houses the State Legislature and the Secretariat.
Background
The U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), at Old Airport Road, Vimanapura Post, Bengaluru - 560 017, Karnataka, is the lead centre for building satellites and developing associated satellite technologies.
It was formerly known as the ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC).
Its spacecraft provide applications in communication, navigation, meteorology, remote sensing, space science and interplanetary explorations, and the centre also pursues advanced technologies for future missions.
The ISRO Satellite Integration and Test Establishment (ISITE) carries out the assembly, integration and testing of all communication and navigation spacecraft.
ISITE's clean room and test facilities include a 6.5 Metre thermo vacuum chamber, a 29 Ton vibration facility, a Compact Antenna Test Facility and an acoustic test facility under one roof.
A dedicated facility for the productionisation of standardised subsystems is established at ISITE.
URSC has a unit called the Laboratory for Electro Optics System (LEOS), situated in Peenya, Bengaluru, which is mainly responsible for research, development and productionisation of sensors for ISRO programmes.
Since inception, URSC has built more than 100 satellites for scientific, communication, navigation and remote sensing applications.
Location:
Old Airport Road, Vimanapura Post, Bengaluru - 560 017, Karnataka, India
Former name:
ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC)
Satellites built since inception:
more than 100 satellites
Thermo vacuum chamber at ISITE:
6.5 Metre
Vibration facility at ISITE:
29 Ton
Unit at Peenya:
Laboratory for Electro Optics System (LEOS)
Why it matters for exams: Matching each space-programme centre to its city and to its job is a recurring objective question, and this is the centre that stands for Bengaluru and for satellite building.
Kerala PSCUPSCSSC
In plain words
ISITE ISRO Satellite Integration and Test Establishment — The establishment at the Bengaluru centre where all communication and navigation spacecraft are assembled, integrated and tested.
LEOS Laboratory for Electro Optics System — A unit of the Bengaluru satellite centre, at Peenya, responsible for research, development and productionisation of sensors.
Background
The Group of Monuments at Hampi in Karnataka was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986. It lies in the Tungabhadra basin and represents the last capital of the last great Hindu Kingdom of Vijayanagar. The site has over 1,600 surviving architectural remains from the 14th to 16th centuries, including Dravidian temples and palaces. The city was conquered by the Deccan Muslim confederacy in 1565 and abandoned after six months of destruction.
Inscribed:
1986
River basin:
Tungabhadra
Surviving remains:
over 1,600
Conquered:
1565
Why it matters for exams: Vijayanagar history and World Heritage sites are standard topics in medieval history and culture papers.
Kerala PSCUPSC